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Umkämpfte Globalisierung: Amerikanische und europäische Reaktionen auf Chinas Aufstieg im Hochtechnologiebereich
[Contested globalization: US and EU responses to China’s rise as a high-tech power]

Author

Listed:
  • Schmalz, Stefan
  • Gräf, Helena
  • Köncke, Philipp
  • Schneidemesser, Lea

Abstract

Der Aufstieg Chinas hat zu einer Reihe von Konflikten mit den führenden westlichen Ländern geführt. Der Hintergrund dieser Auseinandersetzungen besteht darin, dass chinesische Konzerne zu ernsthaften Konkurrenten US-amerikanischer und europäischer Unternehmen geworden sind und die Ordnungsvorstellungen von US- und EU-Machteliten auf der einen und jene Chinas auf der anderen Seite auseinanderdriften. Denn in China sind politische und wirtschaftliche Macht anders organisiert als in den westlichen Marktwirtschaften: Der Parteistaat ist (Teil‑)Eigentümer wichtiger Unternehmen und interveniert offen mit Fünfjahresplänen in die Volkswirtschaft. Die Kommunistische Partei Chinas ist als Regulationsinstanz in Unternehmen präsent. Gleichzeitig organisiert der Parteistaat seine Herrschaft durch Output-Legitimität und funktioniert vielerorts als kennziffergesteuertes, meritokratisches System. Die Expansion des hybriden chinesischen Parteistaatskapitalismus führt deshalb zu einem neuen Systemkonflikt: Wirtschaftlich werden aufstrebende chinesische (Staats‑)Unternehmen zu Konkurrenten, politisch wird die Kontrolle von sensiblen Datenströmen und Infrastrukturnetzwerken zum Streitpunkt. In dem Artikel werden aktuelle Konfliktdynamiken zwischen den USA und China einerseits und der EU und China andererseits in den Bereichen Außenhandel, Investitionen, Hochtechnologie und Industriepolitik aus der Perspektive der Vergleichenden Politischen Ökonomie und des Weltsystemansatzes untersucht. Es werden jeweils Unterschiede in den Reaktionen herausgearbeitet: Die USA setzten auf eine aggressive Handels- und Sanktionspolitik, während die EU mit defensiveren Maßnahmen reagiert hat. Es wird gezeigt, wie diese Konflikte Chinas staatsgetriebene Globalisierungsstrategie verändern und zur Restrukturierung der Weltwirtschaft beitragen.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmalz, Stefan & Gräf, Helena & Köncke, Philipp & Schneidemesser, Lea, 2022. "Umkämpfte Globalisierung: Amerikanische und europäische Reaktionen auf Chinas Aufstieg im Hochtechnologiebereich [Contested globalization: US and EU responses to China’s rise as a high-tech power]," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 32(3), pages 427-454.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:265089
    DOI: 10.1007/s11609-022-00481-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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