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Social Assistance Receipt Among Young Adults Who Grow Up in Different Neighborhoods of Metropolitan Sweden

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  • Björn Gustafsson
  • Katarina Katz
  • Torun Osterberg

Abstract

Using large samples of persons born in 1985, we investigate the relationship between characteristics of the neighborhood where young people lived as adolescents and the probability that they will receive social assistance when aged 19, 20, and 21, for the three Swedish metropolitan regions—Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. We estimated logistic regressions separately for the majority population and “visible immigrants” and included several characteristics of the neighborhood and of the parental home in the specification. The probability of social assistance receipt as a young adult is strongly positively linked to social assistance receipt in the parental home and to several other factors. The major result is that the association with social assistance receipt in the neighborhood where a person lived at age 16 remains strong when parental receipt and a number of other neighborhood characteristics are controlled for. We conclude that measures to increase the education qualifications and various efforts to create jobs for young adults have the potential to decrease social assistance receipt among young adults. In addition, there is also room for spatially focused measures aiming to reduce residential segregation and the demand for social assistance in locations with a comparably high rate of social assistance receipt. 通过使用出生在1985年的大型人口样本, 我们研究了瑞典三个大都市地区—斯德哥尔摩、哥德堡和玛尔摩—中不同社区(年青人曾在未成年期间在此生活过)的特征, 和他们在19岁、20岁和21岁时将接收社会援助的可能性之间的关系。我们对主要人口和“可见的移民”分别进行了逻辑回归模型预测, 并在模型设定中添加了社区和父母家庭的几个特征。一名青年成人接收社会援助的可能性与其父母家庭对社会援助的接收和几个其他因素呈显著正相关。主要研究发现表明, 就个人在16岁时曾生活过的社区而言, 当对父母的社会援助接收和一系列其他社区特征进行控制时, 个人与社会援助接收的联系依然显著。我们的结论认为, 那些增加教育资历的措施和为青年成人创造工作机会的各种努力有可能减少青年成人对社会援助的接收。此外, 那些旨在减少居住隔离, 减少社会援助接收率相对较高的地区对社会援助的需求的空间措施也存在潜力。 Utilizando grandes muestras de personas nacidas en 1985, investigamos la relación entre las características del vecindario donde los jóvenes vivían como adolescentes y la probabilidad de que reciban asistencia social cuando tengan 19, 20 y 21 años, para las tres regiones metropolitanas suecas: Estocolmo, Gotemburgo y Malmö. Estimamos las regresiones logísticas por separado para la población mayoritaria y los "inmigrantes visibles" e incluimos varias características del vecindario y del hogar parental en la especificación. La probabilidad de recibir asistencia social como adulto joven está fuertemente relacionada con la recepción de asistencia social en el hogar parental y con varios otros factores. El resultado principal es que la asociación con el recibo de asistencia social en el vecindario donde vivía una persona a los 16 años se mantiene fuerte cuando se controla el recibo de los padres y otras características del vecindario. Concluimos que las medidas para aumentar las calificaciones educativas y los diversos esfuerzos para crear empleos para los adultos jóvenes tienen el potencial de disminuir la recepción de asistencia social entre los adultos jóvenes. Además, también hay espacio para medidas centradas en el espacio con el objetivo de reducir la segregación residencial y la demanda de asistencia social en lugares con una tasa comparablemente alta de recepción de asistencia social.

Suggested Citation

  • Björn Gustafsson & Katarina Katz & Torun Osterberg, 2019. "Social Assistance Receipt Among Young Adults Who Grow Up in Different Neighborhoods of Metropolitan Sweden," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 302-324, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:11:y:2019:i:4:p:302-324
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.264
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