IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/ijfiec/v27y2022i4p4256-4278.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the determinants of commercial bank interest rate spreads in Lesotho: Evidence from autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and non‐linear ARDL approaches

Author

Listed:
  • Moeti Damane

Abstract

This article investigates the determinants of commercial bank interest rate spreads in Lesotho using monthly time series data from January 2009 to December 2018. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach is used to measure long‐run co‐integration while the non‐linear ARDL (NARDL) model is used to test validity of long‐run symmetric effects. The bounds tests revealed existence of long‐run co‐integration between the study variables. Inflation and the Treasury bill rate have a positive and statistically significant impact on interest margins while the deposit rate has a negative and significant effect. The pass‐through of inflation and the deposit rate to interest margins is less than one, respectively. This confirms that inflation affects banks' lending rates with a second round effect while deposit liabilities are not the only source of credit financing for banks. The null hypothesis of long‐run symmetry is rejected for Treasury bill rates. Authorities are advised to ensure price and general macroeconomic stability while also pursuing policies aimed at maximizing savings.

Suggested Citation

  • Moeti Damane, 2022. "Investigating the determinants of commercial bank interest rate spreads in Lesotho: Evidence from autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and non‐linear ARDL approaches," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(4), pages 4256-4278, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:ijfiec:v:27:y:2022:i:4:p:4256-4278
    DOI: 10.1002/ijfe.2370
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2370
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/ijfe.2370?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Demirguc, Asli & Huizinga, Harry, 1999. "Determinants of Commercial Bank Interest Margins and Profitability: Some International Evidence," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 13(2), pages 379-408, May.
    2. Moeti Damane, 2019. "The effects of regional cross listing on firm value and financial performance: drawing lessons for Lesotho," African Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 6(3), pages 201-235.
    3. Zan Zhang & Su-Ling Tsai & Tsangyao Chang, 2017. "New Evidence of Interest Rate Pass-through in Taiwan: A Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model," Global Economic Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(2), pages 129-142, April.
    4. Johansen, Soren & Juselius, Katarina, 1990. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration--With Applications to the Demand for Money," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 52(2), pages 169-210, May.
    5. Michis, Antonis A., 2016. "Market concentration and nonlinear pricing in European banking," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1-12.
    6. Allen, Linda, 1988. "The Determinants of Bank Interest Margins: A Note," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(2), pages 231-235, June.
    7. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    8. Bhatt, V. V., 1988. "On financial innovations and credit market evolution," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 281-292, February.
    9. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2005. "Tests for Skewness, Kurtosis, and Normality for Time Series Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 23, pages 49-60, January.
    10. Ephraim W. Chirwa & Montfort Mlachila, 2004. "Financial Reforms and Interest Rate Spreads in the Commercial Banking System in Malawi," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 51(1), pages 1-5.
    11. Brock, Philip L. & Rojas Suarez, Liliana, 2000. "Understanding the behavior of bank spreads in Latin America," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(1), pages 113-134, October.
    12. Paresh Kumar Narayan, 2005. "The saving and investment nexus for China: evidence from cointegration tests," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(17), pages 1979-1990.
    13. Moeti Damane & Lira P. Sekantsi & Senei Solomon Molapo, 2018. "Testing the stability of money demand function in Lesotho," International Journal of Sustainable Economy, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 10(4), pages 383-404.
    14. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    15. Camara Kwasi Obeng, 2018. "Is the effect of exchange rate volatility on export diversification symmetric or asymmetric? Evidence from Ghana," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(1), pages 1460027-146, January.
    16. McShane, R. W. & Sharpe, I. G., 1985. "A time series/cross section analysis of the determinants of Australian trading bank loan/deposit interest margins: 1962-1981," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 115-136, March.
    17. Md. Qamruzzaman & Wei Jianguo, 2018. "Nexus between financial innovation and economic growth in South Asia: evidence from ARDL and nonlinear ARDL approaches," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 4(1), pages 1-19, December.
    18. Emeka Nkoro & Aham Kelvin Uko, 2016. "Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique: application and interpretation," Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 5(4), pages 1-3.
    19. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    20. Maudos, Joaquin & Fernandez de Guevara, Juan, 2004. "Factors explaining the interest margin in the banking sectors of the European Union," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(9), pages 2259-2281, September.
    21. Saunders, Anthony & Schumacher, Liliana, 2000. "The determinants of bank interest rate margins: an international study," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 813-832, December.
    22. Murad Khan & Abdul Jalil, 2020. "Determinants of Interest Margin in Pakistan: A Panel Data Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, March.
    23. Karantininis, Kostas & Katrakylidis, Kostas & Persson, Morten, 2011. "Price Transmission in the Swedish Pork Chain: Asymmetric non linear ARDL," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114772, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    24. Ho, Thomas S. Y. & Saunders, Anthony, 1981. "The Determinants of Bank Interest Margins: Theory and Empirical Evidence," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(4), pages 581-600, November.
    25. Safdar Husain Tahir & Said Shah & Fatima Arif & Gulzar Ahmad & Qaria Aziz & Muhammad Rizwan Ullah, 2018. "Does financial innovation improve performance? An analysis of process innovation used in Pakistan," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(3), pages 195-214.
    26. Onesmus Ayaya, 1997. "Financial reform and credit extension in Lesotho," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(4), pages 547-560.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Koffie Ben Nassar & Edder Martinez & Anabel Pineda, 2014. "Determinants of Banks' Net Interest Margins in Honduras," IMF Working Papers 2014/163, International Monetary Fund.
    2. Nguyen, Thach V.H. & Nguyen, Thai Vu Hong, 2022. "How do banks price liquidity? The role of market power," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    3. Entrop, Oliver & Memmel, Christoph & Ruprecht, Benedikt & Wilkens, Marco, 2015. "Determinants of bank interest margins: Impact of maturity transformation," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-19.
    4. S.M. Susanthi Medha Kumari, 2014. "Determinants of Interest Margins of Banks in Sri Lanka," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 15(2), pages 265-280, September.
    5. Pamuji Gesang Raharjo & Dedi Budiman Hakim & Adler Hayman Manurung & Tubagus N.A. Maulana, 2014. "The Determinant of Commercial Banks' Interest Margin in Indonesia: An Analysis of Fixed Effect Panel Regression," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 4(2), pages 295-308.
    6. Tarsila Segalla Afanasieff & Priscilla Maria Villa Lhacer & Márcio I. Nakane, 2002. "The Determinants of Bank Interest Spread in Brazil," Money Affairs, CEMLA, vol. 0(2), pages 183-207, July-Dece.
    7. Poghosyan, Tigran, 2010. "Re-examining the impact of foreign bank participation on interest margins in emerging markets," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 390-403, December.
    8. Gabriele Angori & David Aristei & Manuela Gallo, 2019. "Determinants of Banks’ Net Interest Margin: Evidence from the Euro Area during the Crisis and Post-Crisis Period," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
    9. Jugnu Ansari & Ashima Goyal, 2014. "Bank Competition, Managerial Efficiency and the Interest Rate Pass-Through in India," Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, in: Risk Management Post Financial Crisis: A Period of Monetary Easing, volume 96, pages 317-339, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    10. Birchwood, Anthony & Brei, Michael & Noel, Dorian M., 2017. "Interest margins and bank regulation in Central America and the Caribbean," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 56-68.
    11. Maudos, Joaquín & Solís, Liliana, 2009. "The determinants of net interest income in the Mexican banking system: An integrated model," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(10), pages 1920-1931, October.
    12. Md. Shahidul Islam & Shin-Ichi Nishiyama, 2020. "The Determinants of Net Interest Margins of Commercial Banks: Panel Evidence from China, India and Japan," Discussion Papers 2014, Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University.
    13. Saona, Paolo, 2016. "Intra- and extra-bank determinants of Latin American Banks' profitability," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 197-214.
    14. Masudul Hasan Adil & Salman Haider & Neeraj R. Hatekar, 2020. "Empirical Assessment of Money Demand Stability Under India’s Open Economy: Non-linear ARDL Approach," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 18(4), pages 891-909, December.
    15. Islam, Md. Shahidul & Nishiyama, Shin-Ichi, 2016. "The determinants of bank net interest margins: A panel evidence from South Asian countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 501-514.
    16. Lukman Ayinde Olorogun, 2022. "Revisiting the Nexus of FDI-Led Growth Hypothesis and Economic Development in Rwanda: a Johansen-ARDL Approach to Cointegration," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(4), pages 2695-2717, December.
    17. Beatriz Cu鬬ar-Fernᮤez & Yolanda Fuertes-Call鮠 & Carlos Serrano-Cinca & Bego uti鲲ez-Nieto, 2016. "Determinants of margin in microfinance institutions," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(4), pages 300-311, January.
    18. Guilherme Jonas Costa da Silva & José Luís Oreiro & Luiz Fernando de Paula, 2007. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Spread in Brazil: An Empirical Evaluation," Working Papers 0066, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Department of Economics.
    19. Murad Khan & Abdul Jalil, 2020. "Determinants of Interest Margin in Pakistan: A Panel Data Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, March.
    20. Dairo Estrada & Esteban Gómez & Inés Orozco, 2006. "Determinants of Interest Margins in Colombia," Borradores de Economia 2335, Banco de la Republica.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:ijfiec:v:27:y:2022:i:4:p:4256-4278. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1076-9307/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.