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Value Relevance of Environmental Provisions Pre‐ and Post‐IFRS

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  • Matthew Wegener
  • Réal Labelle

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to compare the value relevance of environmental provisions as recorded under Canadian/U.S. GAAP and IFRS accounting frameworks with consideration of the impact of voluntarily issuing stand‐alone sustainability reports. The value relevance of environmental provisions is tested using a modified Ohlson (1995) model. We exploit IFRS reconciliations as a quasi‐experimental setting to conduct this comparison. Results indicate that environmental provisions recorded under either framework only act as liabilities for oil and gas firms that release stand‐alone sustainability reports. For other firms in the oil and gas industry, and the mining industry, the liability nature of these provisions appears to be discounted by the market. Furthermore, for firms in the oil and gas industry that do not have stand‐alone CSR reports, provisions appear to be interpreted by the market as a costly signal about future growth. Instead of downwardly affecting market values, this information is associated with higher market values. In terms of the transition to IFRS, we find that, while the IFRS provisions are significantly higher than under former GAAP, they do not improve value relevance for investors. Accounting standard setters should consider examining the changes in the current standards from the original Canadian environmental provision reporting requirements under Capital Assets section 3060.39, as it was rightfully shown to be a relevant proxy for unbooked liabilities (Li and McConomy, 1999; Bewley, 2005) rather than earnings expectancy. The study builds upon prior research to examine the value of accounting standards that have gone through significant changes. Pertinence aux fins de l’évaluation des provisions au titre de l'environnement, avant et après les IFRS Résumé Les auteurs se donnent pour but de comparer la pertinence aux fins de l’évaluation des provisions au titre de l'environnement comptabilisées conformément aux référentiels des PCGR du Canada ou des États‐Unis et des IFRS, compte tenu de l'incidence de la publication facultative de rapports distincts sur le développement durable. La pertinence aux fins de l’évaluation des provisions au titre de l'environnement est évaluée à l'aide d'une variante du modèle d'Ohlson (1995). Les auteurs utilisent les rapprochements IFRS comme cadre quasi‐expérimental pour réaliser cette comparaison. Les résultats révèlent que les provisions au titre de l'environnement comptabilisées selon l'un ou l'autre des référentiels ne sont des éléments de passif que pour les sociétés pétrolières et gazières qui publient des rapports distincts sur le développement durable. Chez les autres entreprises du secteur pétrolier et gazier, et les entreprises du secteur minier, la qualité de passif de ces provisions semble être escomptée par le marché. En outre, dans le cas des sociétés pétrolières et gazières qui ne publient pas de rapport distinct sur la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise, ces provisions semblent être interprétées par le marché comme un signal onéreux de la croissance future. Plutôt que d'exercer des pressions à la baisse sur les valeurs de marché, cette information est associée à des valeurs de marché supérieures. Pour ce qui est du passage aux IFRS, les auteurs constatent que, même si les provisions conformes aux IFRS sont sensiblement plus élevées que les provisions conformes aux anciens PCGR, elles n'améliorent pas la pertinence aux fins de l’évaluation pour les investisseurs. Les normalisateurs comptables devraient songer à se pencher sur les modifications apportées par les normes actuelles aux exigences canadiennes initiales du paragraphe 39 du chapitre 3060, Immobilisations, en ce qui a trait à l'information relative aux provisions au titre de l'environnement, puisqu'il a été démontré à juste titre que cette information était un indicateur pertinent de passifs non comptabilisés (Bewley, 2005 ; Li et McConomy, 1999) plutôt que des attentes de résultats. Les auteurs s'appuient sur les recherches antérieures pour examiner la valeur de normes comptables qui ont subi d'importantes modifications.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew Wegener & Réal Labelle, 2017. "Value Relevance of Environmental Provisions Pre‐ and Post‐IFRS," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(3), pages 139-168, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:16:y:2017:i:3:p:139-168
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12143
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