In order to achieve the Kyoto target, i.e., reducing CO2 emission by 13 percent against the reference year of 1990 as an average of 2008-2012, it is necessary to substantially improve energy efficiency in industry, transport and private households. In the period spanning 1990-2005, improvements in energy efficiency did not suffice to compensate for the emission-boosting effects of growth rates in production (industry), the stock of cars and goods transport output (traffic), and in overall housing space (households). For industry and private households, a reduction in the emission intensity (emissions per energy unit) curtailed emissions due to a shift in the mix of energy sources used (fuel substitution).
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Volume (Year): 80 (2007) Issue (Month): 11 (November) Pages: 893-907 Download reference. The following formats are available: HTML
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