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Teilstudie 13: Exporte von Waren und Dienstleistungen stärken die Nachfrage

Author

Listed:
  • Yvonne Wolfmayr
  • Kurt Kratena

    (WIFO)

  • Peter Mayerhofer
  • Jan Stankovsky

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Der Export wurde in Österreich in den letzten Jahren zum Wachstumsmotor und leistete einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen. Die Wirtschaft gewann Marktanteile auf den Weltmärkten, und das langjährige strukturbedingte Handelsbilanzpassivum wurde abgebaut. Vor allem die Ostintegration liefert außerordentliche Impulse. Insgesamt ist die österreichische Wirtschaft in hohem Ausmaß internationalisiert. Allerdings konzentrieren sich die Exporte nach wie vor auf mittlere Technologien, während die Zukunftsgebiete Hochtechnologie und Dienstleistungen nur schwach vertreten sind. Die Förderung von Exporten ist durch EU-Recht und internationale Vereinbarungen eingeschränkt. Sie erfolgt vor allem indirekt über die Technologie-, Steuer-, Standort- und Lohnpolitik und konzentriert sich auf intensive Informations- und Beratungshilfen – insbesondere für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen und in Bezug auf multilaterale Projekte internationaler Finanzinstitutionen – sowie auf die Koordination der verschiedenen Förderprogramme und Initiativen. Für Exportgarantien und Soft Loans der OeKB wurden in früheren WIFO-Studien hohe Exportmultiplikatoren geschätzt, die laufende Überprüfung der Kosten und Wirksamkeit der finanziellen Exportförderung ist aber sinnvoll. Besonders erfolgversprechend erscheint eine Konzentration der Exportförderung auf dynamische Märkte mit großem Marktpotential (österreichische Schwerpunktmärkte). Darüber hinaus sollten die Internationalisierung im Dienstleistungsbereich gefördert und die Vernetzung von Produktions- und Dienstleistungsaktivitäten forciert werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Yvonne Wolfmayr & Kurt Kratena & Peter Mayerhofer & Jan Stankovsky, 2006. "Teilstudie 13: Exporte von Waren und Dienstleistungen stärken die Nachfrage," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 27452, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:27452
    Note: With English abstract.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yvonne Wolfmayr, 2008. "Trade Barriers in Services and Competitive Strengths in the Austrian Service Sector. An Analysis at the Detailed Sector Level," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 34223, February.
    2. Yvonne Wolfmayr, 2008. "Producer Services and Competitiveness of Manufacturing Exports," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 34225, February.
    3. Nikolaus Bayerl & Oliver Fritz & Robert Hierländer, 2008. "Die gesamtwirtschaftlichen Effekte der Exporte seit 1995. Merkmale einer "Basar-Ökonomie" in Österreichs Außenwirtschaft," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 81(11), pages 855-879, November.
    4. Karl Aiginger & Stefan Ederer & Jakob Prammer & Susanne Sieber, 2010. "Österreichs außenwirtschaftliche Beziehungen zur Schwarzmeerregion und deren wirtschaftliche Perspektiven," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 39891, February.
    5. Yvonne Wolfmayr & Peter Mayerhofer & Jan Stankovsky, 2007. "WIFO-Weißbuch: Exporte als Wachstumsmotor. Maßnahmen zur weiteren Belebung der Ausfuhr," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 80(3), pages 249-261, March.
    6. Peter Mayerhofer, 2007. "De-Industrialisierung in Wien(?) Zur abnehmenden Bedeutung der Sachgütererzeugung für das Wiener Beschäftigungssystem: Umfang, Gründe, Wirkungsmechanismen," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 33120, February.
    7. Gunther Tichy, 2016. "Persistente Strukturprobleme trotz zutreffender Strukturprognosen," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(8), pages 553-571, August.

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