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Relationship between Spatial Proximity and Travel-to-Work Distance: The Effect of the Compact City

Author

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  • Kobe Boussauw
  • Tijs Neutens
  • Frank Witlox

Abstract

Boussauw K., Neutens T. and Witlox F. Relationship between spatial proximity and travel-to-work distance: the effect of the compact city, Regional Studies . In this paper, an assessment is made of the relationship between selected aspects of spatial proximity (density, diversity, minimum commuting distance, jobs--housing balance and job accessibility) and reported commuting distances in Flanders, Belgium. Results show that correlations may depend on the considered trip end. For example, a high residential density, a high degree of spatial diversity and a high level of job accessibility are all associated with a short commute by residents, while a high job density is associated with a long commute by employees. A jobs--housing balance close to 1 is associated with a short commute by both residents and employees. In general, it appears that the alleged sustainability benefits of the compact city model are still valid in a context of continuously expanding commuting trip lengths. Boussauw K., Neutens T. et Witlox F. Le rapport entre la proximit� g�ographique et la distance des trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail: l'impact de la ville compacte, Regional Studies . Cet article cherche à �valuer le rapport entre des caract�ristiques s�lectionn�es de la proximit� g�ographique (la densit�, la diversit�, les distances minimales des trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail, le compromis entre l'emploi et le logement, et la disponibilit� de l'emploi) et les distances des trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail en Flandres, en Belgique, selon les sources. Les r�sultats laissent voir que les corr�lations pourraient d�pendre de la destination pr�vue. Par exemple, une forte densit� de logements, une importante diversit� g�ographique et une disponibilit� de l'emploi �lev�e se rapportent, toutes les trois, à une distance courte pour se rendre au travail pour les habitants, tandis qu'une forte densit� de l'emploi se rapporte à de longues distances pour se rendre au travail pour les employ�s. Un compromis entre l'emploi et le logement qui s'approche de 1 se rapporte à de courtes distances pour se rendre au travail à la fois pour les habitants et pour les employ�s. En règle g�n�rale, il semble que les avantages durables pr�vus du modèle de la ville compacte sont toujours valables dans le cadre des distances des trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail qui ne cessent d'augmenter. Ville compacte Proximit� g�ographique Trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail Am�nagement du territoire durable Flandre Boussauw K., Neutens T. und Witlox F. Beziehung zwischen räumlicher Nähe und Berufspendlerdistanz: der Effekt der kompakten Stadt, Regional Studies . In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die Beziehung zwischen ausgewählten Aspekten der räumlichen Nähe (Dichte, Diversität, minimale Berufspendlerdistanz, Arbeitsplätze-Wohnungs-Gleichgewicht und Zugänglichkeit von Arbeitsplätzen) und den berichteten Berufspendlerdistanzen im belgischen Flandern. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass die Zusammenhänge vom untersuchten Reiseende abhängen können. So gehen zum Beispiel eine hohe Wohnungsdichte, ein hohes Maß von räumlicher Diversität und ein hohes Maß an Zugänglichkeit von Arbeitsplätzen alle mit kurzen Berufspendlerdistanzen der Anwohner einher, während eine hohe Arbeitsplatzdichte mit langen Berufspendlerdistanzen der Arbeitnehmer verknüpft ist. Ein Arbeitsplätze-Wohnungs-Gleichgewicht von nahezu 1 geht mit kurzen Berufspendlerdistanzen der Anwohner und Arbeitnehmer einher. Im Allgemeinen scheint der behauptete Nachhaltigkeitsnutzen des kompakten Stadtmodells im Kontext der ständig steigenden Berufspendlerdistanzen weiterhin seine Gültigkeit zu besitzen. Kompakte Stadt Räumliche Nähe Pendlerverkehr Nachhaltige Raumentwicklung Flandern Boussauw K., Neutens T. y Witlox F. Relación entre la proximidad espacial y la distancia al trabajo: el efecto de la ciudad compacta, Regional Studies . En este documento analizamos la relación entre aspectos seleccionados de la proximidad espacial (densidad, diversidad, desplazamientos m�nimos al trabajo, equilibrio entre trabajo y vivienda y acceso al trabajo) y las distancias al trabajo informadas en Flandes, B�lgica. Los resultados indican que las correlaciones podr�an depender del final del viaje considerado. Por ejemplo, una alta densidad en áreas residenciales, un alto grado de diversidad espacial y un alto nivel de accesibilidad al trabajo son caracter�sticas que se asocian a un corto desplazamiento al trabajo por parte de los residentes mientras que una alta densidad laboral está relacionada con desplazamientos al trabajo de largas distancias de los empleados. Un equilibrio entre trabajo y vivienda cerca de 1 se asocia a un corto desplazamiento al trabajo por parte de residentes y empleados. En general, parece que los supuestos beneficios de sostenibilidad del modelo de ciudad compacta todav�a son válidos en un contexto en el que las distancias de desplazamientos al trabajo aumentan continuamente. Ciudad compacta Proximidad espacial Desplazamientos al trabajo Desarrollo espacial sostenible Flandes

Suggested Citation

  • Kobe Boussauw & Tijs Neutens & Frank Witlox, 2012. "Relationship between Spatial Proximity and Travel-to-Work Distance: The Effect of the Compact City," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(6), pages 687-706, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:46:y:2012:i:6:p:687-706
    DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2010.522986
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    1. Zhou, Xingang & Yeh, Anthony G.O. & Yue, Yang & Li, Weifeng, 2022. "Residential-employment mixed use and jobs-housing balance: A case study of Shenzhen, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    2. Seungwon Kang & Dalbyul Lee & Jiyong Park & Juchul Jung, 2022. "Exploring Urban Forms Vulnerable to Urban Heat Islands: A Multiscale Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Dewulf, Bart & Neutens, Tijs & Vanlommel, Mario & Logghe, Steven & De Maeyer, Philippe & Witlox, Frank & De Weerdt, Yves & Van de Weghe, Nico, 2015. "Examining commuting patterns using Floating Car Data and circular statistics: Exploring the use of new methods and visualizations to study travel times," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 41-51.
    4. Ahfeldt, Gabriel M. & Pietrostefani, Elisabetta, 2017. "The compact city in empirical research: A quantitative literature review," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 83638, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Sharma, Hari, 2020. "The effect of emigration and remittances on labour supply of the left-behind: Evidence from Nepal," MPRA Paper 102091, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Jianming Le & Kunhui Ye, 2022. "Measuring City-Level Transit Accessibility Based on the Weight of Residential Land Area: A Case of Nanning City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Niedzielski, Michael A. & Horner, Mark W. & Xiao, Ningchuan, 2013. "Analyzing scale independence in jobs-housing and commute efficiency metrics," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 129-143.
    8. Akiko Sakanishi, 2020. "Urban commuting behavior and time allocation among women: Evidence from US metropolitan areas," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(2), pages 349-363, April.
    9. Bhat, Chandra R. & Astroza, Sebastian & Bhat, Aarti C. & Nagel, Kai, 2016. "Incorporating a multiple discrete-continuous outcome in the generalized heterogeneous data model: Application to residential self-selection effects analysis in an activity time-use behavior model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 52-76.
    10. Alireza Dehghani & Mehdi Alidadi & Ayyoob Sharifi, 2022. "Compact Development Policy and Urban Resilience: A Critical Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, September.
    11. Seyed Davood Hajimirrahimi & Elham Esfahani & Veronique Van Acker & Frank Witlox, 2017. "Rural Second Homes and Their Impacts on Rural Development: A Case Study in East Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, March.
    12. Kermanshah, A. & Derrible, S., 2016. "A geographical and multi-criteria vulnerability assessment of transportation networks against extreme earthquakes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 39-49.
    13. Gabriel M. Ahfeldt & Elisabetta Pietrostefani, 2017. "The Compact City in Empirical Research: A Quantitative Literature Review," SERC Discussion Papers 0215, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    14. Cappelli, Federica & Guastella, Gianni & Pareglio, Stefano, 2020. "Institutional Fragmentation and Urbanisation in the EU Cities," FACTS: Firms And Cities Towards Sustainability 305212, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) > FACTS: Firms And Cities Towards Sustainability.
    15. Yu Song & Guofan Shao & Xiaodong Song & Yong Liu & Lei Pan & Hong Ye, 2017. "The Relationships between Urban Form and Urban Commuting: An Empirical Study in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-17, July.
    16. Bibri, Simon Elias, 2020. "Compact urbanism and the synergic potential of its integration with data-driven smart urbanism : An extensive interdisciplinary literature review," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    17. Qin, Ping & Wang, Lanlan, 2019. "Job opportunities, institutions, and the jobs-housing spatial relationship: Case study of Beijing," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 331-339.
    18. Jain, Deepty & Tiwari, Geetam, 2019. "Measuring density and diversity to model travel behavior in Indian context," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    19. Pojani, Dorina & Boussauw, Kobe, 2014. "Keep the children walking: active school travel in Tirana, Albania," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 55-65.

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