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Exploring the link between oil prices and tanker rates

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  • Angela Poulakidas
  • Fred Joutz

Abstract

Given the secular and sharp rise in oil prices over the past decade, this study analyses the impact that the spike in oil prices has on tanker rates. We investigate a dynamic model explaining spot tanker rates. The magnitude of the impact of oil prices on the shipping industry, in terms of the level and volatility of spot (voyage) under bull and bear market conditions. The West African--US Gulf Tanker Rates, West Texas Intermediate spot and 3-month futures contract, and US Weekly Petroleum Inventories are analysed using cointegration and Granger causality analysis, from 1997 through 2007, in order to examine the lead--lag relationship between oil prices and tanker freight rates. Our findings show a relationship between spot and future crude oil prices, crude oil inventories and tanker rates. The significant increase of freight rates, and the simultaneous increase in oil prices, during the recent years, provides an intriguing economic environment to identify relationships between shipping market rates and oil prices. These relationships have significant implications for the markets. At the practical level, the better understanding of the relationship between freight rates and crude oil prices can improve operational management and budget planning decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Angela Poulakidas & Fred Joutz, 2009. "Exploring the link between oil prices and tanker rates," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 215-233, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:marpmg:v:36:y:2009:i:3:p:215-233
    DOI: 10.1080/03088830902861094
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    Cited by:

    1. Bai, Xiwen & Lam, Jasmine Siu Lee, 2021. "Freight rate co-movement and risk spillovers in the product tanker shipping market: A copula analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    2. Wenming Shi & Zhongzhi Yang & Kevin X. Li, 2013. "The impact of crude oil price on the tanker market," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(4), pages 309-322, July.
    3. Sun, Xiaolei & Liu, Chang & Wang, Jun & Li, Jianping, 2020. "Assessing the extreme risk spillovers of international commodities on maritime markets: A GARCH-Copula-CoVaR approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    4. Vangelis Tsioumas & Stratos Papadimitriou, 2018. "The dynamic relationship between freight markets and commodity prices revealed," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 20(2), pages 267-279, June.
    5. Anna, Merika & Anna, Triantafyllou & George, Zombanakis, 2019. "Wage and tax competitiveness: The case of Hellenic shipping," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 255-270.
    6. Maitra, Debasish & Rehman, Mobeen Ur & Dash, Saumya Ranjan & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2021. "Oil price volatility and the logistics industry: Dynamic connectedness with portfolio implications," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    7. Ki-Hong Choi & Seong-Min Yoon, 2020. "Asymmetric Dependence between Oil Prices and Maritime Freight Rates: A Time-Varying Copula Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-16, December.
    8. Sun, Xiaolei & Tang, Ling & Yang, Yuying & Wu, Dengsheng & Li, Jianping, 2014. "Identifying the dynamic relationship between tanker freight rates and oil prices: In the perspective of multiscale relevance," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 287-295.
    9. Sun, Xiaolin & Haralambides, Hercules & Liu, Hailong, 2019. "Dynamic spillover effects among derivative markets in tanker shipping," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 384-409.
    10. Adewuyi, Adeolu O. & Adeleke, Musefiu A. & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Aikins Abakah, Emmanuel Joel, 2023. "Dynamic linkages between shipping and commodity markets: Evidence from a novel asymmetric time-frequency method," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    11. Sunil K. Mohanty & Roar Aadland & Sjur Westgaard & Stein Frydenberg & Hilde Lillienskiold & Cecilie Kristensen, 2021. "Modelling Stock Returns and Risk Management in the Shipping Industry," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, April.
    12. Arunava Bandyopadhyay & Prabina Rajib, 2023. "The asymmetric relationship between Baltic Dry Index and commodity spot prices: evidence from nonparametric causality-in-quantiles test," Mineral Economics, Springer;Raw Materials Group (RMG);Luleå University of Technology, vol. 36(2), pages 217-237, June.
    13. Maitra, Debasish & Chandra, Saurabh & Dash, Saumya Ranjan, 2020. "Liner shipping industry and oil price volatility: Dynamic connectedness and portfolio diversification," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    14. Abdullah Açık & Özhan Okutucu & Kamil Özden Efes & Sadık Özlen Başer, 2021. "Analyzing the Impact of Interest Rate on Dry Bulk Freight Market with Time-Varying Causality Method," Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, Ersan ERSOY, vol. 6(2), pages 403-417.
    15. Wenming Shi & Kevin X. Li, 2017. "Themes and tools of maritime transport research during 2000-2014," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(2), pages 151-169, February.
    16. Shi, Wenming & Gong, Yuting & Yin, Jingbo & Nguyen, Son & Liu, Qian, 2022. "Determinants of dynamic dependence between the crude oil and tanker freight markets: A mixed-frequency data sampling copula model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    17. Goulas, Lambros & Skiadopoulos, George, 2012. "Are freight futures markets efficient? Evidence from IMAREX," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 644-659.
    18. Skantzouri, Efthymia Nefeli & Sambracos, Evangelos, 2018. "Freight Rate Volatility and Vessels Size in Tankers’ Sector," MPRA Paper 97896, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 25 Nov 2019.
    19. Bai, Xiwen & Lam, Jasmine Siu Lee, 2019. "A copula-GARCH approach for analyzing dynamic conditional dependency structure between liquefied petroleum gas freight rate, product price arbitrage and crude oil price," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 412-427.
    20. Zhang, Yi, 2018. "Investigating dependencies among oil price and tanker market variables by copula-based multivariate models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 435-446.
    21. Siddiqui, Atiq W. & Basu, Rounaq, 2020. "An empirical analysis of relationships between cyclical components of oil price and tanker freight rates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    22. Chen, Feier & Miao, Yuqi & Tian, Kang & Ding, Xiaoxu & Li, Tingyi, 2017. "Multifractal cross-correlations between crude oil and tanker freight rate," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 474(C), pages 344-354.

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