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Intermediated mode of internationalization: new software ventures in Ireland and India

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  • Siri Terjesen
  • Colm O'Gorman
  • Zoltan J. Acs

Abstract

Building on an emerging literature of international new ventures, we suggest that new ventures face two modes of internationalization: a direct mode and an intermediated means, using multinational enterprises as intermediaries. When considering direct internationalization, new ventures face high entry barriers including a lack of firm resources and access to key infrastructure. However, new ventures pursuing the intermediated mode of internationalization encounter transaction costs and the threat of rent extraction from multinational enterprises. Sector level case evidence suggests that the intermediated form of internationalization can be found in the software industry in Ireland and India. Our firm-level case studies identify the strategic issues and drawbacks associated with the intermediated mode of internationalization. Implications for policy-makers include encouraging firms to consider intermediated internationalization and targeting enterprise supports at entrepreneurs with experience of working in multinational enterprises.

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  • Siri Terjesen & Colm O'Gorman & Zoltan J. Acs, 2008. "Intermediated mode of internationalization: new software ventures in Ireland and India," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 89-109, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:entreg:v:20:y:2008:i:1:p:89-109
    DOI: 10.1080/08985620701630946
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Poole, Marshall Scott & Van de Ven, Andrew H. & Dooley, Kevin & Holmes, Michael E., 2000. "Organizational Change and Innovation Processes: Theory and Methods for Research," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195131987.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sonia Ketkar & Zoltán J. Ács, 2015. "Where Angels Fear to Tread: Internationalization of Emerging Country SMEs," Chapters, in: Global Entrepreneurship, Institutions and Incentives, chapter 22, pages 423-441, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Dirk Clercq & Jolanda Hessels & André Stel, 2008. "Knowledge spillovers and new ventures’ export orientation," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(3), pages 283-303, October.
    3. Stopochkin Artem & Sytnik Inessa & Sytnik Bogdan, 2020. "Methodology for Analyzing the Level of International Entrepreneurship Development," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 259-285.
    4. Siri Terjesen & László Szerb, 2008. "Dice thrown from the beginning? An empirical investigation of determinants of firm level growth expectations," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 35(2 Year 20), pages 153-178, December.
    5. Rubina Romanello & Maria Chiarvesio, 2019. "Early internationalizing firms: 2004–2018," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 172-219, June.
    6. Siri Terjesen & Amanda Elam, 2009. "Transnational Entrepreneurs‘ Venture Internationalization Strategies: A Practice Theory Approach," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(5), pages 1093-1120, September.
    7. Shameen Prashantham & Julian Birkinshaw, 2015. "Choose Your Friends Carefully: Home-Country Ties and New Venture Internationalization," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 207-234, April.
    8. Jones, Marian V. & Coviello, Nicole & Tang, Yee Kwan, 2011. "International Entrepreneurship research (1989–2009): A domain ontology and thematic analysis," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(6), pages 632-659.
    9. Shameen Prashantham & Julian Birkinshaw, 2020. "MNE–SME cooperation: An integrative framework," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(7), pages 1161-1175, September.
    10. Knoll, Susanne & Padula, Antonio Domingos & Crespolini dos Santos, Mariane & Pumi, Guilherme & Zhou, Shudong & Zhong, Funing & Jardim Barcellos, Julio Otavio, 2018. "Information flow in the Sino-Brazilian beef trade," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 21(1).
    11. Jan Brzozowski & Marco Cucculelli & Aleksander Surdej, 2014. "Transnational ties and performance of immigrant entrepreneurs: the case of IT industry in Italy," Mo.Fi.R. Working Papers 98, Money and Finance Research group (Mo.Fi.R.) - Univ. Politecnica Marche - Dept. Economic and Social Sciences.
    12. Oliva, Fábio Lotti & Teberga, Pedro Marins Freire & Testi, Lucas Israel Oliveira & Kotabe, Masaaki & Giudice, Manlio Del & Kelle, Peter & Cunha, Miguel Pina, 2022. "Risks and critical success factors in the internationalization of born global startups of industry 4.0: A social, environmental, economic, and institutional analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Falk, Martin & Hagsten, Eva, 2015. "Export behaviour of SMEs in the Swedish computer service industry," Economics Discussion Papers 2015-14, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    14. Farhad Uddin Ahmed & Louis Brennan, 2021. "A review of methodological diversity within the domain of international entrepreneurship," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 256-299, June.
    15. Dzikowski, Piotr, 2018. "A bibliometric analysis of born global firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 281-294.
    16. Pierre-André Julien & Josée St-Pierre, 2009. "Mondialisation et PME : une vulnérabilité fort différenciée," Post-Print hal-01705646, HAL.
    17. Falk, Martin & Hagsten, Eva, 2015. "Export behaviour of micro firms in the Swedish computer and business service industries," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 9, pages 1-24.
    18. Alex Rialp-Criado & Ksenia Komochkova, 2017. "Innovation strategy and export intensity of Chinese SMEs: the moderating role of the home-country business environment," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 16(3), pages 158-186, July.

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