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Podatki i efekty zewnętrzne w modelu Nelsona-Phelpsa z heterogenicznością

Author

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  • Paweł Pietraszko

Abstract

Niniejsza praca łączy zmodyfikowany model Nelsona-Phelpsa z modelem Ramseya-Cassa-Koopmansa z kapitałem ludzkim. W zaprezentowanym modelu występują zarówno prywatne, jak i publiczne inwestycje w kapitał ludzki. Poszukuje się w nim odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy w przypadku występowania oporu społecznego przed wprowadzeniem finansowania publicznej edukacji podatkiem ryczałtowym opłacalne jest dla płatników netto podatków wprowadzenie edukacji publicznej finansowanej podatkiem konsumpcyjnym bądź dochodowym. Wyprowadzony model wskazuje na możliwość wystąpienia wzrostu dobrobytu płatników netto opodatkowania nieneutralnego względem rynku w przypadku finansowania z podatku edukacji publicznej. Badanie wskazało, że jest to bardziej prawdopodobne w przypadku państw rozwijających się i o małym zróżnicowaniu majątku w gospodarce. Pozytywne efekty dochodowe są większe, kiedy edukacja jest finansowana podatkiem konsumpcyjnym. W państwach rozwiniętych efekty te występują wyłącznie w takim modelu finansowania. Natomiast dla państw rozwijających się bardziej opłacalne może się okazać wprowadzenie finansowania edukacji podatkiem dochodowym – ze względu na większą podstawę opodatkowania i związany z tym silniejszy pozytywny efekt dla kapitału ludzkiego.

Suggested Citation

  • Paweł Pietraszko, 2020. "Podatki i efekty zewnętrzne w modelu Nelsona-Phelpsa z heterogenicznością," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1, pages 75-96.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2020:i:1:p:75-96
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    kapitał ludzki; opodatkowanie; efekty zewnętrzne; model Nelsona-Phelpsa; ekonomia dobrobytu;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E13 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Neoclassical
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models

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