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Rola kredytu handlowego w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw

Author

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  • Anna Białek-Jaworska
  • Natalia Nehrebecka

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie znaczenia kredytu handlowego w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw w Polsce oraz zidentyfikowanie determinant wykorzystania przez polskie przedsiębiorstwa kredytu handlowego. Przedsiębiorstwa zarówno zaciągają kredyt handlowy u dostawców, jak i udzielają go odbiorcom. Analizowano kształtowanie się kredytu handlowego netto, tj. znaku i wielkości różnicy między zaciąganym a udzielanym kredytem handlowym w Polsce. Zaciągany kredyt handlowy mierzono jako zobowiązania z tytułu dostaw i usług bez wydatków bieżących, tj. skorygowane o bieżące zobowiązania krótkoterminowe z tytułu dostaw i usług w wysokości średnich miesięcznych wydatków związanych z prowadzeniem działalności podstawowej (1/12 zużycia materiałów i energii oraz kosztów usług obcych). Analizę empiryczną przeprowadzono na podstawie jednostkowych danych panelowych ze sprawozdań GUS: rocznych F-02 za lata 1995−2011 (około 50 tys. przedsiębiorstw rocznie). Do oszacowania parametrów wykorzystano odporny systemowy estymator GMM. Wykazano, iż niska rentowność sprzedaży, długi cykl zobowiązań, niska zdolność kredytowa i długi cykl środków pieniężnych są dobrymi predykatorami korzystania z kredytu handlowego. Zweryfikowano też hipotezy, że wyższe możliwości wzrostu i wyższa zdolność do generowania pieniężnej nadwyżki finansowej zwiększają wielkość udzielanego kredytu handlowego. Wraz ze wzrostem wielkości przedsiębiorstwa rośnie skłonność do udzielania kredytu handlowego i wolumen udzielanego kredytu handlowego, a maleje skłonność do zaciągania kredytu handlowego netto i wielkość zaciąganego kredytu handlowego netto.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Białek-Jaworska & Natalia Nehrebecka, 2015. "Rola kredytu handlowego w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 5, pages 33-64.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2015:i:5:p:33-64
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Christopher A. Hartwell & Anna P. Malinowska, 2018. "Firm-Level and Institutional Determinants of Corporate Capital Structure in Poland: New Evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 68(2), pages 120-143, April.
    2. Duliniec Aleksandra & Świda Natalia, 2021. "Factors influencing the use of trade credit in financing Polish listed companies," Economics and Business Review, Sciendo, vol. 7(1), pages 113-134, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    kredyt handlowe; należności; finanse przedsiębiorstw; dynamiczne modele panelowe; systemowy estymator GMM;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • C83 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods

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