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Contextual effects on educational attainment in individualised, scalable neighbourhoods: Differences across gender and social class

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  • Eva K Andersson

    (Stockholm University, Sweden)

  • Bo Malmberg

    (Stockholm University, Sweden)

Abstract

This paper analyses whether a multi-scale representation of geographical context based on statistical aggregates computed for individualised neighbourhoods can lead to improved estimates of neighbourhood effect. Our study group consists of individuals born in 1980 that have lived in Sweden since 1995 and we analyse the effect of neighbourhood context at age 15 on educational outcome at age 30 controlling for parental background. A new piece of software, Equipop, was used to compute the socio-economic composition of neighbourhoods centred on individual residential locations and ranging in scale from including the nearest 12 to the nearest 25,600 neighbours. Our results indicate that context measures based on fixed geographical sub-divisions can lead to an underestimation of neighbourhood effects. A multi-scalar representation of geographical context also makes it easier to estimate how neighbourhood effects vary across different demographic groups. This indicates that scale-sensitive measures of geographical context could help to re-invigorate the neighbourhood effects literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva K Andersson & Bo Malmberg, 2015. "Contextual effects on educational attainment in individualised, scalable neighbourhoods: Differences across gender and social class," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 52(12), pages 2117-2133, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:52:y:2015:i:12:p:2117-2133
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014542487
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anne Bolster & Simon Burgess & Ron Johnston & Kelvyn Jones & Carol Propper & Rebecca Sarker, 2007. "Neighbourhoods, households and income dynamics: a semi-parametric investigation of neighbourhood effects," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(1), pages 1-38, January.
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    3. George C. Galster, 2008. "Quantifying the Effect of Neighbourhood on Individuals: Challenges, Alternative Approaches, and Promising Directions," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 128(1), pages 7-48.
    4. Macallister, I. & Johnston, R. J. & Pattie, C. J. & Tunstall, H. & Dorling, D. F. L. & Rossiter, D. J., 2001. "Class Dealignment and the Neighbourhood Effect: Miller Revisited," British Journal of Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(1), pages 41-59, January.
    5. Ludwig, Jens, 1999. "Information and inner city educational attainment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 17-30, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bart Sleutjes & Helga A. G. Valk & Jeroen Ooijevaar, 2018. "The Measurement of Ethnic Segregation in the Netherlands: Differences Between Administrative and Individualized Neighbourhoods," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 195-224, May.
    2. Umut Turk & John Östh, 2017. "Inequality of Opportunity in Sweden:A Spatial Perspective," Working Papers 09/2017, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    3. Eva K. Andersson & Bo Malmberg & Rafael Costa & Bart Sleutjes & Marcin Jan Stonawski & Helga A. G. Valk, 2018. "A Comparative Study of Segregation Patterns in Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden: Neighbourhood Concentration and Representation of Non-European Migrants," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 251-275, May.
    4. Yongxin Deng, 2016. "Challenges and complications in neighborhood mapping: from neighborhood concept to operationalization," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 229-248, July.
    5. Eva K. Andersson & Torkild Hovde Lyngstad & Bart Sleutjes, 2018. "Comparing Patterns of Segregation in North-Western Europe: A Multiscalar Approach," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 151-168, May.
    6. Rafael Costa & Helga A. G. Valk, 2018. "Ethnic and Socioeconomic Segregation in Belgium: A Multiscalar Approach Using Individualised Neighbourhoods," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 225-250, May.
    7. Umut Türk & John Östh, 2019. "How much does geography contribute? Measuring inequality of opportunities using a bespoke neighbourhood approach," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 295-318, June.

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