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Examining UN PKO contributions at multiple levels

Author

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  • Min Ye
  • Quan Li

Abstract

Most empirical studies on states’ personnel contributions to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) use a state’s annual contributions as the unit of analysis. A critical problem of the state-level analysis is that it ignores the fact that states have to decide how to distribute these peacekeepers among more than a dozen peacekeeping missions. Ignoring the mission-level decision misses a significant part of states’ UN PKO contributions and could bias our empirical analysis. We propose a two-level model that sees a state’s UN PKO contributions as the interactions between the state-level and mission-level factors. This model is employed to revisit the heatedly debated “reimbursement hypothesis†. Our analysis of the empirical data between 1990 and 2018 shows a mixed relationship between states’ economic development and their UN PKO contributions. We also find that middle-income rather than low-income countries are the most critical providers of UN PKOs since the end of the cold war.

Suggested Citation

  • Min Ye & Quan Li, 2023. "Examining UN PKO contributions at multiple levels," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 67(2-3), pages 349-374, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:67:y:2023:i:2-3:p:349-374
    DOI: 10.1177/00220027221114863
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vincenzo Bove & Leandro Elia, 2011. "Supplying peace: Participation in and troop contribution to peacekeeping missions," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 48(6), pages 699-714, November.
    2. Khusrav Gaibulloev & Justin George & Todd Sandler & Hirofumi Shimizu, 2015. "Personnel contributions to UN and non-UN peacekeeping missions," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 52(6), pages 727-742, November.
    3. Andrew Boutton & Vito D’Orazio, 2020. "Buying blue helmets: The role of foreign aid in the construction of UN peacekeeping missions," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 57(2), pages 312-328, March.
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