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Why Is There So Much Conflict in the Middle East?

Author

Listed:
  • Mirjam E. Sørli

    (Centre for the Study of Civil War, International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO), Norway)

  • Nils Petter Gleditsch

    (Centre for the Study of Civil War, PRIO and Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology)

  • HÃ¥vard Strand

    (Department of Political Science University of Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

The Middle East is one of the most conflict-prone regions—butwhy? The Collier-Hoeffler model of civil war provides the starting point for our analysis. In an application to Africa, Collier and Hoeffler found poverty to be the most significant predictor of conflict. For conflict in the Middle East, a more complex picture emerges. Consistent with Collier and Hoeffler, the authors find that economic development and economic growth, in addition to longer periods of peace, generally decrease the likelihood of conflict. They also find that ethnic dominance is significant, while social fractionalization is not. Contrary to Collier and Hoeffler, they find that regime type matters. Variables for the Middle East region, Islamic countries, and oil dependence are not significant. Conflict in the Middle East is quite well explained by a general theory of civilwar, and there is no need to invoke a pattern of “Middle Eastern exceptionalism.â€

Suggested Citation

  • Mirjam E. Sørli & Nils Petter Gleditsch & HÃ¥vard Strand, 2005. "Why Is There So Much Conflict in the Middle East?," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 49(1), pages 141-165, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:49:y:2005:i:1:p:141-165
    DOI: 10.1177/0022002704270824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Collier & Anke Hoeffler, 2002. "On the Incidence of Civil War in Africa," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 46(1), pages 13-28, February.
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    3. Huber, Christoph & Basedau, Matthias, 2018. "When Do Religious Minorities' Grievances Lead to Peaceful or Violent Protest? Evidence from Canada’s Jewish and Muslim Communities," GIGA Working Papers 313, GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies.

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