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Une innovation institutionnelle, la constitution des communs du logiciel libre

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  • Mangolte, Pierre-André

Abstract

De nos jours, le logiciel libre est devenu une référence en matière de résistance face à la « tragédie des anti-communs ». Le partage et la libre réutilisation des codes sources sont en effet des principes opposés au contrôle exclusif des objets techniques par des propriétaires individuels. En inventant des licences qui détournent le copyright et les règles de la « propriété intellectuelle », les programmeurs du logiciel libre ont pu produire un stock de logiciels auquel chacun peut ajouter quelque chose mais duquel personne ne peut rien retirer. On peut à juste titre parler ici d’une vraie innovation institutionnelle et d’un commun authentique. L’article retrace l’histoire de la formation de ce logiciel libre en mettant en évidence les caractères originaux de ce commun entendu comme un ensemble de ressources, plus ou moins pérennes, dont l’accès et l’usage sont partagés dans un groupe plus ou moins étendu ; ici, formellement, ce groupe est l’humanité toute entière. Il traite de la base constitutionnelle du commun, les licences de free software (ou open source software) et des règles qu’elles contiennent, fondatrices d’une économie particulière. Il en trace les limites et en dresse une cartographie.

Suggested Citation

  • Mangolte, Pierre-André, 2013. "Une innovation institutionnelle, la constitution des communs du logiciel libre," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 14.
    • Handle: RePEc:rvr:journl:2014:10517
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Alessandro Rossi & Alessandro Narduzzo, 2003. "Modularity in action.GNU/Linux and free/Open source sotfware development model unleashed," Quaderni DISA 078, Department of Computer and Management Sciences, University of Trento, Italy, revised 29 Jun 2003.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    communs; logiciel libre; droits de propriété intellectuelle; copyright; commons; free software; intellectual property rights; copyright; Communs; programas libres; derechos de propiedad intelectual; copyright;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights
    • K11 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Property Law
    • L86 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software

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