IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rfh/jprjor/v8y2022i2p1-15.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Impact of Firm Sustainability on Firm Growth: Evidence from USA

Author

Listed:
  • Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri

    (Assistant Professor, Lahore School of Accountancy and Finance, University of Lahore, Pakistan)

  • Saba Sharif

    (Scholar, Lahore School of Accountancy and Finance, University of Lahore, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study is to examine the impact of firm sustainability on firm growth as an effect of implementing an ecologically and socially responsible actions: Evidence from USA. This study investigates the relationship between firm sustainability and firm growth. This study examines how firm sustainability affects the firm growth and also explore the measures that can be adopted to examining the role of firm sustainability on firm growth to study this relationship between firm sustainability and firm growth, this study utilized panel data over the period from 2002 to 2018 taken from Thomson Reuters Assets-4 Database. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) statistical method is employed to measure the relationship among variables. The study is based on Agency theory, Stakeholder theory, Value-Enhancing theory and institutional theory perspective because firm sustainability, its impacts on firm growth is so multidimensional that a single theory cannot justify the issue. The hypothesis is that high Return on Assets (ROA) will cause high firm sustainability is maintained by the empirical findings. Leverage has negative impact on ROA rating since if firm has high debt, it will focus more on financing this debt rather than investing in ROA. Market to book ratio also has a negative impact on ROA rating. Total Assets significantly and positively affects the ROA rating. Other Tangible assets significantly and positive affect the ROA rating. Salaries to assets ratio has a negative impact on ROA. Because, larger firms have more social responsibility, since their information is visible hence, they are more likely to be scrutinized by government, public and special interest groups. This find out some significant implication for the policy makers, ROA plays an important role to manage as well as ultimately provide safe environment to all the stakeholders as well as enhance the firm performance. Therefore, policy makers should follow those policies which enhance the ROA for the mutual benefits of all the stakeholder, firm, country and globe.

Suggested Citation

  • Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Saba Sharif, 2022. "The Impact of Firm Sustainability on Firm Growth: Evidence from USA," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfh:jprjor:v:8:y:2022:i:2:p:1-15
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://jprpk.com/index.php/jpr/article/view/56/85
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://jprpk.com/index.php/jpr/article/view/56
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Janine Maniora, 2018. "Mismanagement of Sustainability: What Business Strategy Makes the Difference? Empirical Evidence from the USA," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 152(4), pages 931-947, November.
    2. Hsiang-Lin Chih & Hsiang-Hsuan Chih & Tzu-Yin Chen, 2010. "On the Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility: International Evidence on the Financial Industry," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 93(1), pages 115-135, April.
    3. Jill F. Solomon & Lauren Darby, 2005. "Is private social, ethical and environmental reporting mythicizing or demythologizing reality?," Accounting Forum, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(1), pages 27-47, March.
    4. Wenjing Li & Ran Zhang, 2010. "Corporate Social Responsibility, Ownership Structure, and Political Interference: Evidence from China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 96(4), pages 631-645, November.
    5. Sumera Arshad & Amajd Ali, 2016. "Trade-off between Inflation, Interest and Unemployment Rate of Pakistan: Revisited," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 5(4), pages 193-209, December.
    6. Bohong Zheng & Komi Bernard Bedra, 2018. "Recent Sustainability Performance in China: Strength-Weakness Analysis and Ranking of Provincial Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-26, August.
    7. Anonymous, 1965. "Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 120-122, January.
    8. Paul A. Gompers & Andrew Metrick, 2001. "Institutional Investors and Equity Prices," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 116(1), pages 229-259.
    9. Ali, Amjad & Ahmad, Khalil, 2014. "The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Life Expectancy for Sultanate of Oman: An Empirical Analysis," MPRA Paper 82500, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2014.
    10. Sulehri, Fiaz Ahmad & Ali, Amjad, 2020. "Impact of Political Uncertainty on Pakistan Stock Exchange (1990-1999): An Event Study Approach," MPRA Paper 104623, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2019. "The Advancement in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Economic Development: A Panel Analysis," MPRA Paper 93476, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2016. "Environmental Degradation, Energy consumption, Population Density and Economic Development in Lebanon: A time series Analysis (1971-2014)," MPRA Paper 82494, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    13. Rupert J. Baumgartner, 2014. "Managing Corporate Sustainability and CSR: A Conceptual Framework Combining Values, Strategies and Instruments Contributing to Sustainable Development," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(5), pages 258-271, September.
    14. Anonymous, 1965. "Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 150-153, January.
    15. Christos N. Pitelis, 2007. "A Behavioral Resource-Based View of the Firm: The Synergy of Cyert and March (1963) and Penrose (1959)," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 18(3), pages 478-490, June.
    16. Wagner, Marcus, 2010. "The role of corporate sustainability performance for economic performance: A firm-level analysis of moderation effects," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(7), pages 1553-1560, May.
    17. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2018. "Macroeconomic Environment and Taxes Revenues in Pakistan: An Application of ARDL Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(1), pages 30-39, March.
    18. David R. Bentley & Shankar Balasubramanian & Harold P. Swerdlow & Geoffrey P. Smith & John Milton & Clive G. Brown & Kevin P. Hall & Dirk J. Evers & Colin L. Barnes & Helen R. Bignell & Jonathan M. Bo, 2008. "Accurate whole human genome sequencing using reversible terminator chemistry," Nature, Nature, vol. 456(7218), pages 53-59, November.
    19. Hannu Schadewitz & Mikael Niskala, 2010. "Communication via responsibility reporting and its effect on firm value in Finland," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(2), pages 96-106, March.
    20. Jensen, Michael C. & Meckling, William H., 1976. "Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 305-360, October.
    21. Cory Searcy, 2012. "Corporate Sustainability Performance Measurement Systems: A Review and Research Agenda," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 107(3), pages 239-253, May.
    22. Amiya K. Basu & Rajiv Lal & V. Srinivasan & Richard Staelin, 1985. "Salesforce Compensation Plans: An Agency Theoretic Perspective," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 4(4), pages 267-291.
    23. Steven Sorrell, 2010. "Energy, Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability: Five Propositions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 2(6), pages 1-26, June.
    24. Audi, Marc & Sadiq, Azhar & Ali, Amjad, 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Islamic and Non-Islamic Equity and Bonds Indices: Evidence from selected Emerging and Developed Countries," MPRA Paper 109866, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    25. ŞENTÜRK, İsmail & Ali, Amjad, 2019. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Gender Specific Life Expectancy in Turkey: A Time Series Analysis," MPRA Paper 97815, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    26. Amjad Ali & Ismail Senturk, 2019. "Justifying the Impact of Economic Deprivation, Maternal Status and Health infrastructure on Under-Five Child Mortality in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(3), pages 140-154, September.
    27. Fama, Eugene F. & Jensen, Michael C., 1985. "Organizational forms and investment decisions," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 101-119, March.
    28. Jolanda Hessels & Nasser Bouman & Sjoerd Vijfvinkel, 2011. "Environmental sustainability and financial performance of SMEs," Scales Research Reports H201101, EIM Business and Policy Research.
    29. Baysinger, Barry D & Butler, Henry N, 1985. "Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors: Performance Effects of Changes in Board Composition," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 1(1), pages 101-124, Spring.
    30. Anonymous, 1965. "International Civil Aviation Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 129-131, January.
    31. Marc Audi & Amjad Ali & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "Aggregate and Disaggregate Natural Resources Agglomeration and Foreign Direct Investment in France," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(1), pages 147-156.
    32. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2016. "The Impact of Income Inequality, Environmental Degradation and Globalization on Life Expectancy in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 4(4), pages 182-193, April.
    33. Asif Sajid & Amjad Ali, 2018. "Inclusive Growth and Macroeconomic Situations in South Asia: An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(3), pages 97-109, September.
    34. Carol A. Adams & Glen Whelan, 2009. "Conceptualising future change in corporate sustainability reporting," Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 22(1), pages 118-143, January.
    35. Muhammad Azeem Qureshi & Sina Kirkerud & Kim Theresa & Tanveer Ahsan, 2020. "The impact of sustainability (environmental, social, and governance) disclosure and board diversity on firm value: The moderating role of industry sensitivity," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(3), pages 1199-1214, March.
    36. Al-Shaer, Habiba & Zaman, Mahbub, 2016. "Board gender diversity and sustainability reporting quality," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 210-222.
    37. Marc Audi & Amjad Ali, 2016. "A Causality and Co-integration Analysis of Some Selected Socio-Economic Determinants of Fertility: Empirics from Tunisia," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 5(1), pages 20-36, March.
    38. Muhammad Safdar Sial & Chunmei Zheng & Nguyen Vinh Khuong & Tehmina Khan & Muhammad Usman, 2018. "Does Firm Performance Influence Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting of Chinese Listed Companies?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-12, June.
    39. Yannick Roussel & Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2021. "Measuring The Money Demand In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 27-41, March.
    40. Kuckertz, Andreas & Wagner, Marcus, 2010. "The influence of sustainability orientation on entrepreneurial intentions -- Investigating the role of business experience," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 524-539, September.
    41. Aqsa Mehmood & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique & Amjad Ali, 2022. "Impact Of Health On Worker Productivity: Evidence From South Asia," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 1-8, June.
    42. Ambec, Stefan & Lanoie, Paul, 2008. "Innovation at the service of the environment and business performance," INRAE Sciences Sociales, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Departement Sciences Sociales, Agriculture et Alimentation, Espace et Environnement (SAE2), vol. 2007, pages 1-5, February.
    43. Tracy Artiach & Darren Lee & David Nelson & Julie Walker, 2010. "The determinants of corporate sustainability performance," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 50(1), pages 31-51, March.
    44. Ali, Amjad & Audi, Marc & Nisar, Sabahat & Senturk, Ismail, 2021. "Determinants of Public Procurement Efficiency: A Comprehensive Study of Public Procurement Rules of Punjab, Pakistan," MPRA Paper 111214, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    45. Anonymous, 1965. "International Labor Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 131-137, January.
    46. Charles W. L. Hill & Scott A. Snell, 1988. "External control, corporate strategy, and firm performance in research‐intensive industries," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(6), pages 577-590, November.
    47. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Chan Bibi & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "The Impact of Gender Inequality and Environmental Degradation on Human Well-being in the Case of Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(2), pages 92-99.
    48. Andreas Christofi & Petros Christofi & Seleshi Sisaye, 2012. "Corporate sustainability: historical development and reporting practices," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 35(2), pages 157-172, January.
    49. Patrizio Pagano & Fabiano Schivardi, 2003. "Firm Size Distribution and Growth," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 105(2), pages 255-274, June.
    50. Giovanna Michelon & Antonio Parbonetti, 2012. "The effect of corporate governance on sustainability disclosure," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 16(3), pages 477-509, August.
    51. El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Kwok, Chuck C.Y. & Mishra, Dev R., 2011. "Does corporate social responsibility affect the cost of capital?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 2388-2406, September.
    52. Lois Mahoney & Robin W. Roberts, 2007. "Corporate social performance, financial performance and institutional ownership in Canadian firms," Accounting Forum, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 233-253, September.
    53. Morten Huse & Robert Hoskisson & Alessandro Zattoni & Riccardo Viganò, 2011. "New perspectives on board research: changing the research agenda," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 15(1), pages 5-28, February.
    54. Iram Ashraf & Amjad Ali, 2018. "Socio-Economic Well-Being and Women Status in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(2), pages 46-58, June.
    55. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi & Yannick Roussel, 2021. "Natural Resources Depletion, Renewable Energy Consumption and Environmental Degradation: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(3), pages 251-260.
    56. Murphy, Patrick E. & Schlegelmilch, Bodo B., 2013. "Corporate social responsibility and corporate social irresponsibility: Introduction to a special topic section," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(10), pages 1807-1813.
    57. Brian J. Bushee, 2001. "Do Institutional Investors Prefer Near†Term Earnings over Long†Run Value?," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(2), pages 207-246, June.
    58. Ignace De Beelde & Sanne Tuybens, 2015. "Enhancing the Credibility of Reporting on Corporate Social Responsibility in Europe," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 190-216, March.
    59. Anonymous, 1965. "Warsaw Treaty Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(4), pages 1075-1076, October.
    60. Ali, Amjad & Zulfiqar, Kalsoom, 2018. "An Assessment of Association between Natural Resources Agglomeration and Unemployment in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 87968, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    61. Amjad Ali & Nooreen Mujahid & Yahya Rashid & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2015. "Human Capital Outflow and Economic Misery: Fresh Evidence for Pakistan," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 124(3), pages 747-764, December.
    62. repec:eme:aaaj00:09513570610709872 is not listed on IDEAS
    63. Tanveer Ahsan & Sultan Sikandar Mirza & Bakr Al-Gamrh & Chai Bin-Feng & Zia-Ur-Rehman Rao, 2020. "How to deal with policy uncertainty to attain sustainable growth: the role of corporate governance," Post-Print hal-03163951, HAL.
    64. Dolores Gallardo-Vázquez & María J. Barroso-Méndez & María L. Pajuelo-Moreno & Julio Sánchez-Meca, 2019. "Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Performance: A Meta-Analytic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-33, February.
    65. Nisar, Sabahat & Asif, Rabia & Ali, Amjad, 2021. "Testing the Presence of the January Effect in Developed Economies," MPRA Paper 112548, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    66. Cristian L. Dezsö & David Gaddis Ross, 2012. "Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(9), pages 1072-1089, September.
    67. Francesca Manes-Rossi & Adriana Tiron-Tudor & Giuseppe Nicolò & Gianluca Zanellato, 2018. "Ensuring More Sustainable Reporting in Europe Using Non-Financial Disclosure—De Facto and De Jure Evidence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-20, April.
    68. Paniagua, Jordi & Rivelles, Rafael & Sapena, Juan, 2018. "Corporate governance and financial performance: The role of ownership and board structure," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 229-234.
    69. Baiman, S & Demski, Js, 1980. "Economically Optimal Performance Evaluation And Control-Systems," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18, pages 184-220.
    70. Andreas Christofi & Petros Christofi & Seleshi Sisaye, 2012. "Corporate sustainability: historical development and reporting practices," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 35(2), pages 157-172, January.
    71. Ali Alshehhi & Haitham Nobanee & Nilesh Khare, 2018. "The Impact of Sustainability Practices on Corporate Financial Performance: Literature Trends and Future Research Potential," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-25, February.
    72. Ans Kolk, 2008. "Sustainability, accountability and corporate governance: exploring multinationals' reporting practices," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 17(1), pages 1-15, January.
    73. Glen Dowell & Stuart Hart & Bernard Yeung, 2000. "Do Corporate Global Environmental Standards Create or Destroy Market Value?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(8), pages 1059-1074, August.
    74. Rupert J. Baumgartner & Daniela Ebner, 2010. "Corporate sustainability strategies: sustainability profiles and maturity levels," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(2), pages 76-89.
    75. repec:eme:aaaj00:09513570910923033 is not listed on IDEAS
    76. Ioannis Ioannou & George Serafeim, 2015. "The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment recommendations: Analysts' perceptions and shifting institutional logics," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(7), pages 1053-1081, July.
    77. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad & Roussel, Yannick, 2021. "Measuring the Tax Buoyancy: Empirics from South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)," MPRA Paper 109567, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    78. repec:eme:ijlma0:ijlma-11-2015-0057 is not listed on IDEAS
    79. Anonymous, 1965. "Central Treaty Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(4), pages 1073-1075, October.
    80. Anonymous, 1965. "Caribbean Organization," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(4), pages 1070-1073, October.
    81. Adams, Carol A. & Frost, Geoffrey R., 2008. "Integrating sustainability reporting into management practices," Accounting forum, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 288-302.
    82. Kaveen Bachoo & Rebecca Tan & Mark Wilson, 2013. "Firm Value and the Quality of Sustainability Reporting in Australia," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 23(1), pages 67-87, March.
    83. Mihai Carp & Leontina Păvăloaia & Mihai-Bogdan Afrăsinei & Iuliana Eugenia Georgescu, 2019. "Is Sustainability Reporting a Business Strategy for Firm’s Growth? Empirical Study on the Romanian Capital Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, January.
    84. Ayesha Haider & Amjad Ali, 2015. "Socio-Economic Determinants of Crimes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Punjab Districts," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 3(11), pages 550-560, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ismail Senturk & Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Syeda Mehak Ali, 2022. "Financial Development and Innovation Led-Growth: A Case of Selected Developing Countries," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(3), pages 81-97, September.
    2. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Mohammad Ahmed & Amjad Ali, 2022. "Proprietorship Structure and Firm Performance in the Context of Tunneling: An Empirical Analysis of Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 115-124, December.
    3. Sulehri, Fiaz Ahmad & Ali, Amjad, 2023. "Beyond the Balance Sheet: Analyzing the Relationship between Corporate Governance, Financial Performance, and Stock Prices in Pakistan's Non-Bank Financial Industry," MPRA Paper 120123, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abdul Hai Rathore & Abdullah Sahi, 2022. "The impact of Corporate Governance on voluntary disclosure of R&D expenditure of USA Pharmaceutical firms," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 34-53, August.
    2. Marc Audi & Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Amjad Ali & Razan Al-Masri, 2022. "An Event Based Analysis of Stock Return and Political Uncertainty in Pakistan: Revisited," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 12(5), pages 39-56, September.
    3. Alim, Wajid & Ali, Amjad & Minhas, Amna Shafiq, 2022. "The Impact of Leverage on the Firm Performance: A Case of Fertilizers Sector of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 114200, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Marc Audi & Razan Al-Masri & Chan Bibi, 2022. "Challenging Assumptions about Women’s Empowerment and Economic Resources and Domestic Violence among Young Married Women in India," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 23-33, August.
    5. Aqsa Mehmood & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique & Amjad Ali, 2022. "Impact Of Health On Worker Productivity: Evidence From South Asia," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 1-8, June.
    6. Zerish Tasleem & Muhammad Hatim & Mahnoor Malik & Muhammad Nadeem & Muhammad Tariq Ramzan, 2022. "The Impact Of Health Facilities On Rural Poverty In Southern Punjab, Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 104-109, June.
    7. Arzoo Mushtaq & Shahnawaz Malik & Muhammad Hanif Akhtar, 2022. "Nonlinear Taylor Rule And Inflation-Targeting In Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 185-197, June.
    8. Muhammad Hatim & Zerish Tasleem & Muhammad Nadeem, 2022. "The Influence Of Education And Health On Rural Household Poverty: A Moderating Role Of Culture In Punjab, Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 120-133, June.
    9. Tariq Hussain & Ahmad Raza Ul Mustafa & Makhdum M.I. & Kaleem Ullah, 2022. "Defense Expenditures, Fiscal Deficit And Debt Servicing Nexus: A Case Study Of Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 74-83, June.
    10. Qasim Abbasi & Bilal Khokar, 2021. "Nexus between Gender Inequality and Income Inequality," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(4), pages 41-49, December.
    11. Shazia Sana & Shahnawaz Malik & Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh, 2022. "Investigating The Effectiveness Of Channels Of Monetary Transmission Mechanism In Pakistan: An Application Of Var Model, Impulse Response Function And Variance Decomposition," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 160-184, June.
    12. Shahzad Hassan & Norazah Mohd Suki & Maria Akhtar & Khan Zaman Khan & Naveed Hassan, 2022. "What Is The Role Of Humble Leadership In Shaping Customer Citizenship Behavior And Employee Innovative Work Behavior? Evidence From Service Sector," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 235-243, June.
    13. Bilal Akram & Ali Raza, 2021. "Human Well-being and Macroeconomic Environment in South Asia," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(4), pages 11-17, December.
    14. Bismillah & Shahnawaz Malik & Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh, 2022. "Trade Liberalization And Fiscal Stance In Selected Developing Countries: A Granger Causality Approach In Var Framework," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 134-159, June.
    15. Afeefa Ahmad & Dilshad Ahmad, 2022. "Effects Of Women Empowerment On Access To Healthcare In Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 84-92, June.
    16. Muhammad Ashraf & Arslan Ali Raza & Muhammad Ishaq, 2022. "A Novel Approach Of Social Media Analytics For Predicting National Consumer Confidence Index," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 220-234, June.
    17. Fiaz Ahmad Sulehri & Usman Ahmed & Wajid Alim, 2021. "Black Economy, Financial Inclusion, Financial Liberalization Nexus: A Panel Analysis Of Developing Countries," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(3), pages 65-77, September.
    18. Abdul Rauf & Arif Khan & Muhammad Faiz Mehdi, 2021. "Health Expenditure, Family Planning, and Infant Mortality in Punjab," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(4), pages 1-10, December.
    19. Ahmad Latif & Rimsha Javed, 2021. "Does Economic Growth, Population Growth And Energy Use Impact Carbondioxide Emissions In Pakistan? An Ardl Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(2), pages 85-91, June.
    20. Ghulam Qambar & Shahid Mehmood & Nosheen Kanwal, 2021. "Promotion Oriented Research Culture: Understanding Scholars’ Deficiencies In Research Proficiency," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(3), pages 135-143, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sustainability; Market to Book Value; Size of Firm; Leverage; Tangible Assets; Firm GrowthJEL Codes:L20; Q56;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rfh:jprjor:v:8:y:2022:i:2:p:1-15. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Muhammad Irfan Chani (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/rffhlpk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.