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La coopération technique au travers des co-brevets européens

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  • Emmanuel Duguet

Abstract

[fre] La coopération technique au travers des co-brevets européens . La coopération technique favorise l'innovation : elle facilite le financement de la recherche, autorise le partage et la gestion des risques et accroît les connaissances techniques. Elle rend aussi la recherche plus efficace. Les dépôts de brevet européen en commun, ou co-dépôts, permettent de mesurer l'étendue de la coopération technique. . Sur la décennie quatre-vingt, 1 5 % des brevets impliquant une firme française ont fait l'objet d'un co-dépôt, dont la moitié avec un (ou plusieurs) partenaire(s) ne résidant pas en France. Les brevets déposés en commun par des entreprises implantées en France concernent presque toujours seulement deux partenaires, appartenant trois fois sur quatre au même secteur. . Dans l'ensemble des entreprises industrielles, à peine une sur trente ont déposé des brevets en commun. Mais ces très grandes entreprises (plus de 5 000 salariés), réalisent près de 1 5 % de la valeur ajoutée et 40 % des dépenses totales de recherche et développement. Leurs activités sont concentrées sur les secteurs de moyenne et haute technologie. Leurs performances à l'innovation les distinguent des autres entreprises, y compris de celles qui déposent seules des brevets. [eng] Technological Co-operation through European Co-Patents . Technological co-operation encourages innovation: it makes financing research easier, permits risk sharing and risk management, and enhances technological know-how. It also makes research more efficient. The extent of technological co-operation can be measured by studying the joint European patents, or co-patents, taken out. . In the 1980s, 15% of patents involving a French firm were co-patents and half of these were taken out with one or more partners established outside of France. Joint patents taken out by companies established in France nearly . always concerned just two partners, who belonged to the same sector in three-quarters of the cases. . Barely one out of every thirty industrial firms took out joint patents. Yet these extremely large companies of over 5,000 employees account for nearly 15% of added value and 40% of total research and development expenditure. Their activities are concentrated in the medium- and high-technology sectors. Their innovative performances set them apart from the other companies, including those that take out patents alone. [spa] La cooperaciôn desde el enfoque de las copatentes europeas . La cooperaciôn técnica estimula la innovaciôn : favorece la financiaciôn de la investigaciôn, autoriza el reparto y la gestion de los riesgos e incrementa los conocimientos técnicos. También contribuye a que sea mâs eficiente la investigaciôn. Los registros de patente europea en comûn, o sea el coregistro, permiten medir el campo ocupado por la cooperaciôn técnica. . En la década del 80, el 1 5 % de las patentes en las que era participe una firma francesa, lo fueron mediante el coregistro ; y la mitad de ellas con un (o varios) socio(s) no residente(s) en Francia. Las patentes registradas en comûn por unas empresas implantadas en Francia conciernen casi siempre tan solo a dos socios, que pertenecen en très de cada cuatro casos al mismo sector. . En el conjunto de las empresas industriales, apenas una de cada treinta registre patentes en comûn. Pero estas grandes empresas (con mâs de 5000 asalariados) contribuyen en un 1 5 % del valor anadido y en un 40 % de la totalidad de los gastos en I+D. Sus actividades se concentran en los sectores de media y alta tecnologfa. Su actuation en cuanto a innovaciôn se senalan respecta a las demâs empresas, e incluso respecta a las que solo se dedican a registrar patentes.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Duguet, 1994. "La coopération technique au travers des co-brevets européens," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 275(1), pages 135-148.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1994_num_275_1_5895
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1994.5895
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1994.5895
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    1. David Encaoua & Pierre Mohnen & Emmanuel Duguet & Bruno Crépon, 1993. "Diffusion du savoir et incitation à l'innovation : le rôle des accords de coopération en recherche et développement," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 266(1), pages 47-63.
    2. Scherer, F M, 1992. "Schumpeter and Plausible Capitalism," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 30(3), pages 1416-1433, September.
    3. Jorde, Thomas M & Teece, David J, 1990. "Innovation and Cooperation: Implications for Competition and Antitrust," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 4(3), pages 75-96, Summer.
    4. Jacquemin, Alexis, 1988. "Cooperative agreements in R&D and European antitrust policy," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(2-3), pages 551-560, March.
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    1. Fosfuri, A. & Helmers, C. & Roux, C., 2012. "Are joint patents collusive? Evidence from the US and Europe," Discussion Paper 2012-035, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center.

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