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Un modèle simple de zone monétaire optimale

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  • Luca Antonio Ricci

Abstract

[fre] Un modèle simple de zone monétaire optimale par Luca Antonio Ricci . Cet article présente un modèle à deux pays qui permet d'étudier dans quelles circonstances la participation à une zone monétaire est profitable. Nous tentons de rendre compte à la fois des arguments réels et monétaires suggérés par la littérature sur les zones monétaires optimales, dans un modèle simple de commerce international avec rigidités nominales. Les bénéfices nets qu'un pays peut espérer retirer de la participation à une union monétaire augmentent avec : la corrélation des chocs réels entre les pays ; le degré de mobilité internationale du travail ; l'efficacité de l'instrument fiscal comme variable d'ajustement ; la différence entre le biais inflationniste des autorités nationales et celui des autorités de l'Union monétaire ; la variance des chocs monétaires domestiques ; l'importance de la charge morte et des pertes d'efficience que l'adoption d'une monnaie unique permet d'éliminer. Ces mêmes bénéfices nets diminuent avec : la variance des chocs réels ; la variance des chocs monétaires étrangers ; la corrélation des chocs réels entre les pays. L'influence du degré d'ouverture sur les bénéfices nets de la participation à une union monétaire est ambiguë. Ce dernier résultat s'oppose à l'idée généralement avancée qu'une union monétaire serait d'autant plus avantageuse que les économies sont plus ouvertes sur l'extérieur. [eng] ASimple Model of an Optimum Currency Area by Luca Antonio Ricci . This paper develops a two-country model to investigate the circumstances under which it is beneficial to participate in a currency area. It captures both the real and monetary arguments suggested by the optimum currency area literature in a simple monetary model of trade with nominal rigidities. The net benefits that one country expects from participation in a currency union increase with: the correlation of real shocks between countries; the degree of international labor mobility; the degree of adjustment provided by a fiscal tool; the difference between the inflationary bias of the domestic authority and the inflationary bias of the authority of the currency union; the variability of real shocks; the variability of foreign monetary shocks; the correlation of monetary shocks between countries. The effect of the degree of openness on the net benefits is ambiguous. This last result contrasts with the usual argument that more open economies are better candidates for a currency area.

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Antonio Ricci, 1997. "Un modèle simple de zone monétaire optimale," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 128(2), pages 1-19.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_128_2_5846
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1997.5846
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1997.5846
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    1. Nabil Jedlane, 2006. "Unification monétaire et Caisses d'émission au Maghreb," Post-Print halshs-00311911, HAL.
    2. Chrysost Bangake & Jean-Baptiste Desquilbet & Nabil Jedlane, 2006. "Régimes de change pour les petits pays," Post-Print halshs-00225016, HAL.
    3. Chrysost Bangake & Aram Belhadj & Nabil Jedlane, 2007. "Towards Maghreb Monetary Unification: What does the Theory and History Tell Us?," Post-Print halshs-00366757, HAL.

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