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De la Théorie générale aux modèles de défaut de coordination : Remarques sur le développement de l'approche keynésienne

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  • Jean Cartelier

Abstract

[fre] Thierry Laurent et Hélène Zajdela ont raison de soutenir que la théorie néo-keynésienne conduit à une triple impasse : technique, méthodologique et empirique. La rigidité des prix n'est pas la marque distinctive de l'approche keynésienne. Il n'est pas pour autant acquis que la notion de défaut de coordination soit plus éclairante pour comprendre ce que peut être une démarche keynésienne. Les modèles de défauts de coordination sont issus d'une critique de la théorie de l'équilibre général différente, et sans doute complémentaire, de celle contenue dans la Théorie générale. . Ce qui est à la racine de la conjecture de Keynes sur le chômage involontaire n'est ni la rigidité des prix, ni l'incertitude ni la concurrence imparfaite mais bien plutôt l'asymétrie entre entrepreneurs et salariés. Les contributions de Hicks et de Clower sont aussi importantes qu'ambiguës. Il existe cependant un théorème d'existence des équilibres keynésiens, dû à Glustoff (1968), à partir duquel il est possible de réinterpréter les analyses de Hicks et de Clower dans un sens très différent de celui communément admis. [eng] Thierry Laurent and Hélène Zajdela are right when they maintain that Neo-Keynesian theory leads to a technical, methodological and empirical dead end. Sticky prices are not the distinctive feature of a Keynesian approach. But coordination failures models are not so illuminating about Keynes' approach. They come from a critique of general equilibrium theory very different of that of Keynes (even if it may be complementary). What is at the root of Keynes' conjecture about involuntary unemployment is neither sticky prices nor uncertainty nor imperfect competition but the lack of symmetry between entrepreneurs and wage-earners. Hicks and Clower contributions to the debat are as important as ambiguous. There exists however an existence theorem for Keynesian equilibria (Glustoff, 1968) from which it is possible to give an alternative interpretation of what a Keynesian approach might be.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean Cartelier, 2000. "De la Théorie générale aux modèles de défaut de coordination : Remarques sur le développement de l'approche keynésienne," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 117-126.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_2000_num_36_1_1277
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.2000.1277
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.2000.1277
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thierry Laurent & Hélène Zajdela, 1999. "Emploi, salaire et coordination des activités," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 34(1), pages 67-100.
    2. Rhodes, James R, 1984. "Walras' Law and Clower's Inequality," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(42), pages 112-122, June.
    3. E. Glustoff, 1968. "On the Existence of a Keynesian Equilibrium," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 35(3), pages 327-334.
    4. Manning, Alan, 1990. "Imperfect Competition, Multiple Equilibria and Unemployment Policy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 100(400), pages 151-162, Supplemen.
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