IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/jintbs/v54y2023i8d10.1057_s41267-023-00621-2.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

U.S. national security and de-globalization

Author

Listed:
  • David Godsell

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Ugur Lel

    (University of Georgia)

  • Darius Miller

    (Southern Methodist University)

Abstract

Globalization, defined as trade- and FDI-related interdependence among nations, increases social welfare by transmitting managerial practices, advanced technologies, and labor skills across borders. Recent declines in FDI flows have prompted scholars to speculate on the nature, magnitude, and determinants of de-globalization trends. We investigate whether a U.S. national security-related foreign investment screening law, the Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007 (FINSA), contributes to de-globalization trends. FINSA awarded a regulator known as the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States broad new powers to revise or reject foreign acquisitions of firms in national security-related industries. Using a difference-in-differences research design, a wide variety of model specifications, and estimation samples spanning 1990–2016, we document post-FINSA declines in foreign takeovers of U.S. firms in national security-related industries. Consistent with techno-nationalism, we document that takeover declines are concentrated among research-intensive national security firms. Placebo, event-time, and robustness tests corroborate our results. Our empirical evidence suggests that foreign investment screening laws help explain the nature, magnitude, and determinants of recent de-globalization trends and prompts multinational enterprise managers to increasingly weight the political factors behind foreign investment screening laws when assessing foreign investment strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • David Godsell & Ugur Lel & Darius Miller, 2023. "U.S. national security and de-globalization," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 54(8), pages 1471-1494, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:54:y:2023:i:8:d:10.1057_s41267-023-00621-2
    DOI: 10.1057/s41267-023-00621-2
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41267-023-00621-2
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41267-023-00621-2?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeff L. McMullin & Bryce Schonberger, 2020. "Entropy-balanced accruals," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 84-119, March.
    2. Marianne Bertrand & Sendhil Mullainathan, 2003. "Enjoying the Quiet Life? Corporate Governance and Managerial Preferences," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(5), pages 1043-1075, October.
    3. Hainmueller, Jens, 2012. "Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects: A Multivariate Reweighting Method to Produce Balanced Samples in Observational Studies," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(1), pages 25-46, January.
    4. Henry G. Manne, 1965. "Mergers and the Market for Corporate Control," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 73, pages 110-110.
    5. A Erin Bass & Subrata Chakrabarty, 2014. "Resource security: Competition for global resources, strategic intent, and governments as owners," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 45(8), pages 961-979, October.
    6. Errunza, Vihang & Losq, Etienne, 1985. "International Asset Pricing under Mild Segmentation: Theory and Test," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 40(1), pages 105-124, March.
    7. Christian Fieberg & Kerstin Lopatta & Thomas Tammen & Sebastian A. Tideman, 2021. "Political affinity and investors' response to the acquisition premium in cross‐border M&A transactions — A moderation analysis," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(13), pages 2477-2492, December.
    8. Hall, B. & Jaffe, A. & Trajtenberg, M., 2001. "The NBER Patent Citations Data File: Lessons, Insights and Methodological Tools," Papers 2001-29, Tel Aviv.
    9. Harris, Robert S & Ravenscraft, David, 1991. "The Role of Acquisitions in Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from the U.S. Stock Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(3), pages 825-844, July.
    10. Lorraine Eden, 2009. "Letter from the Editor-in-Chief: FDI spillovers and linkages," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 40(7), pages 1065-1069, September.
    11. I. Serdar Dinc & Isil Erel, 2013. "Economic Nationalism in Mergers and Acquisitions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(6), pages 2471-2514, December.
    12. Jesse A Ellis & Sara B Moeller & Frederik P Schlingemann & René M Stulz, 2017. "Portable country governance and cross-border acquisitions," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(2), pages 148-173, February.
    13. Wan, Kam-Ming & Wong, Ka-fu, 2009. "Economic impact of political barriers to cross-border acquisitions: An empirical study of CNOOC's unsuccessful takeover of Unocal," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 447-468, September.
    14. Stephen B Tallman, 1988. "Home Country Political Risk and Foreign Direct Investment in the United States," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 19(2), pages 219-234, June.
    15. Jeffrey S Arpan & Edward B Flowers & David A Ricks, 1981. "Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: The State of Knowledge in Research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 12(1), pages 137-154, March.
    16. Michael A. Witt, 2019. "De-globalization: Theories, predictions, and opportunities for international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(7), pages 1053-1077, September.
    17. Xu, Emma Qianying, 2017. "Cross-border merger waves," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 207-231.
    18. K. J. Martijn Cremers & Vinay B. Nair & Kose John, 2009. "Takeovers and the Cross-Section of Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(4), pages 1409-1445, April.
    19. Theodore H. Moran, 2009. "Three Threats: An Analytical Framework for the CFIUS Process," Peterson Institute Press: All Books, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number 4297, October.
    20. Timothy Werner & John J. Coleman, 2015. "Citizens United, Independent Expenditures, and Agency Costs: Reexamining the Political Economy of State Antitakeover Statutes," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 31(1), pages 127-159.
    21. Ahlvik, Catarina & Smale, Adam & Sumelius, Jennie, 2016. "Aligning corporate transfer intentions and subsidiary HRM practice implementation in multinational corporations," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 343-355.
    22. Heather Berry & Mauro F Guillén & Nan Zhou, 2010. "An institutional approach to cross-national distance," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(9), pages 1460-1480, December.
    23. Peter J Buckley & L Jeremy Clegg & Hinrich Voss & Adam R Cross & Xin Liu & Ping Zheng, 2018. "A retrospective and agenda for future research on Chinese outward foreign direct investment," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(1), pages 4-23, January.
    24. Olga Petricevic & David J Teece, 2019. "The structural reshaping of globalization: Implications for strategic sectors, profiting from innovation, and the multinational enterprise," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(9), pages 1487-1512, December.
    25. Vineet Bhagwat & Robert Dam & Jarrad Harford, 2016. "The Real Effects of Uncertainty on Merger Activity," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 29(11), pages 3000-3034.
    26. Quan Li & Tatiana Vashchilko, 2010. "Dyadic military conflict, security alliances, and bilateral FDI flows," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(5), pages 765-782, June.
    27. Alan M. Rugman & Alain Verbeke, 2012. "A new perspective on the regional and global strategies of multinational services firms," Chapters, in: Handbook of Research on International Strategic Management, chapter 13, pages 257-270, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    28. Witold J Henisz & Edward D Mansfield & Mary Ann Von Glinow, 2010. "Conflict, security, and political risk: International business in challenging times," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(5), pages 759-764, June.
    29. Edward M. Graham & David Marchick, 2006. "US National Security and Foreign Direct Investment," Peterson Institute Press: All Books, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number 3917, October.
    30. Henry G. Manne, 1965. "Mergers and the Market for Corporate Control," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 73, pages 351-351.
    31. Robert Grosse & Len J Trevino, 1996. "Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 27(1), pages 139-155, March.
    32. Peter J. Buckley, 2020. "The theory and empirics of the structural reshaping of globalization," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(9), pages 1580-1592, December.
    33. Margarethe F. Wiersema & Harry P. Bowen, 2008. "Corporate diversification: the impact of foreign competition, industry globalization, and product diversification," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 115-132, February.
    34. Harford, Jarrad, 2005. "What drives merger waves?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(3), pages 529-560, September.
    35. Vojislav Maksimovic & Gordon Phillips & Liu Yang, 2013. "Private and Public Merger Waves," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(5), pages 2177-2217, October.
    36. Sara L. McGaughey & Pascalis Raimondos & Lisbeth Cour, 2020. "Foreign influence, control, and indirect ownership: Implications for productivity spillovers," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(9), pages 1391-1412, December.
    37. Aktas, Nihat & de Bodt, Eric & Roll, Richard, 2004. "Market Response to European Regulation of Business Combinations," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 39(4), pages 731-757, December.
    38. Alain Verbeke & Régis Coeurderoy & Tanja Matt, 2018. "The future of international business research on corporate globalization that never was…," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(9), pages 1101-1112, December.
    39. Jonathan M. Karpoff & Robert J. Schonlau & Eric W. Wehrly, 2017. "Do Takeover Defense Indices Measure Takeover Deterrence?," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(7), pages 2359-2412.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xie, En & Reddy, K.S. & Liang, Jie, 2017. "Country-specific determinants of cross-border mergers and acquisitions: A comprehensive review and future research directions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 127-183.
    2. Farok J. Contractor, 2022. "The world economy will need even more globalization in the post-pandemic 2021 decade," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(1), pages 156-171, February.
    3. Takakorn Likitapiwat & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2023. "CSR variability, managerial risk aversion, and hostile takeover threats," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(2), pages 773-790, March.
    4. Treepongkaruna, Sirimon & Kyaw, Khine & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2022. "Shareholder litigation rights and ESG controversies: A quasi-natural experiment," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    5. Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Ongsakul, Viput & Jiraporn, Pornsit, 2022. "Corporate complexity, managerial myopia, and hostile takeover exposure: Evidence from textual analysis," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    6. Xu, Kai & Hitt, Michael A. & Brock, David & Pisano, Vincenzo & Huang, Lulu S.R., 2021. "Country institutional environments and international strategy: A review and analysis of the research," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    7. Tunyi, Abongeh A., 2021. "Revisiting acquirer returns: Evidence from unanticipated deals," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    8. Cain, Matthew D. & McKeon, Stephen B. & Solomon, Steven Davidoff, 2017. "Do takeover laws matter? Evidence from five decades of hostile takeovers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(3), pages 464-485.
    9. Liu, Tingting & Mulherin, J. Harold, 2018. "How has takeover competition changed over time?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 104-119.
    10. Yadong Luo, 2022. "Illusions of techno-nationalism," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(3), pages 550-567, April.
    11. Ongsakul, Viput & Chatjuthamard, Pattanaporn & Jiraporn, Pornsit & Chaivisuttangkun, Sirithida, 2021. "Corporate integrity and hostile takeover threats: Evidence from machine learning and “CEO luck”," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    12. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 650-699.
    13. Godinho, Manuel Mira & Simões, Vítor Corado, 2023. "The Tech Cold War: What can we learn from the most dynamic patent classes?," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(6).
    14. Frattaroli, Marc, 2020. "Does protectionist anti-takeover legislation lead to managerial entrenchment?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 106-136.
    15. Ahsan, Faisal Mohammad & Fuad, Mohammad & Sinha, Ashutosh Kumar, 2021. "Seeking strategic assets within cross-border acquisition waves: a study of Indian firms," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(4).
    16. Tsang, Albert & Yang, Nan & Zheng, Lingyi, 2022. "Cross-listings, antitakeover defenses, and the insulation hypothesis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(1), pages 259-276.
    17. Armstrong, Christopher S. & Balakrishnan, Karthik & Cohen, Daniel, 2012. "Corporate governance and the information environment: Evidence from state antitakeover laws," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 185-204.
    18. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Other publications TiSEM 9baa3ffc-67cb-4647-9da5-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    19. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2015. "Determinants of Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions: A Comprehensive Review and Future Direction," MPRA Paper 63969, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    20. Yener Kandogan & Jens Hiller, 2018. "Alliances in international governmental organizations, regional trade agreement formation, and multinational enterprise regionalization strategy," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(6), pages 729-742, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:54:y:2023:i:8:d:10.1057_s41267-023-00621-2. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.