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The ‘Casino Model’ of internationalization: An alternative Uppsala paradigm

Author

Listed:
  • Lars Håkanson

    (Copenhagen Business School)

  • Philip Kappen

    (Uppsala University)

Abstract

Forty years after the publication of the original Uppsala Model, we revisit the empirical observations that inspired its conceptual development. The empirical evidence, we suggest, invites the formulation of an alternative and complementary model of the internationalization process of the firm, one that we have named the ‘Casino Model’ of internationalization. The Casino Model uncovers a number of new research issues pertaining to internationalization and to the nature of strategic decision-making under conditions of environmental uncertainty and partial ignorance.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars Håkanson & Philip Kappen, 2017. "The ‘Casino Model’ of internationalization: An alternative Uppsala paradigm," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(9), pages 1103-1113, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:48:y:2017:i:9:d:10.1057_s41267-017-0113-9
    DOI: 10.1057/s41267-017-0113-9
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    Cited by:

    1. Phuong V. Nguyen & Hien Thi Ngoc Huynh & Hoa Doan Xuan Trieu & Khoa T. Tran, 2019. "Internationalization, Strategic Slack Resources, and Firm Performance: The Case Study of Vietnamese Enterprises," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-24, September.
    2. Michael Neubert & Augustinus Stijn Krogt, 2020. "Decision-makers impact on the internationalization of high-technology firms in emerging markets," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Obadia, Claude & Bello, Daniel C., 2019. "How to select an export mode without bias," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 171-183.
    4. Jan-Erik Vahlne & Waheed Akbar Bhatti, 2019. "Relationship Development: A Micro-Foundation for the Internationalization Process of the Multinational Business Enterprise," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 203-228, April.
    5. G. Tomas M. Hult & Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez & Katarina Lagerström, 2020. "The theoretical evolution and use of the Uppsala Model of internationalization in the international business ecosystem," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(1), pages 38-49, February.
    6. Michael Neubert & Augustinus Stijn Krogt, 2019. "Decision-makers impact on the internationalization of high-technology firms in emerging markets," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 9(1), pages 1-17, December.
    7. K. V. Mukundhan & Sreevas Sahasranamam & James J. Cordeiro, 2019. "Corporate investments in tax havens: evidence from India," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(5), pages 360-388, November.
    8. Jan-Erik Vahlne & Jan Johanson, 2020. "The Uppsala model: Networks and micro-foundations," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(1), pages 4-10, February.
    9. Sjoerd Beugelsdijk & Björn Ambos & Phillip C Nell, 2018. "Conceptualizing and measuring distance in international business research: Recurring questions and best practice guidelines," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(9), pages 1113-1137, December.
    10. Alex Mohr & Georgios Batsakis & Zita Stone, 2018. "Explaining the effect of rapid internationalization on horizontal foreign divestment in the retail sector: An extended Penrosean perspective," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(7), pages 779-808, September.
    11. Metsola, Jaakko & Leppäaho, Tanja & Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, Eriikka & Plakoyiannaki, Emmanuella, 2020. "Process in family business internationalisation: The state of the art and ways forward," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(2).

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