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A Conceptual Model of Expatriate Turnover

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  • Earl Naumann

    (Boise State University)

Abstract

Many factors may contribute to the high rate of expatriate turnover experienced by U.S. multinational corporations. The objective of this article is to present a comprehensive model of the expatriate turnover process by identifying the key contributing factors and suggesting intermediate linkages and relationships. The model appears to have both managerial and theoretical implications.© 1992 JIBS. Journal of International Business Studies (1992) 23, 499–531

Suggested Citation

  • Earl Naumann, 1992. "A Conceptual Model of Expatriate Turnover," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 23(3), pages 499-531, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:23:y:1992:i:3:p:499-531
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    Cited by:

    1. Rahman, Shaikh Moksadur, 2020. "Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: Evidence from Bangladesh," Asian Business Review, Asian Business Consortium, vol. 10(2), pages 99-108.
    2. Guttormsen, David S.A. & Francesco, Anne Marie & Chapman, Malcolm K., 2018. "Revisiting the expatriate failure concept: A qualitative study of Scandinavian expatriates in Hong Kong," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 117-128.
    3. Thomas Köllen & Andri Koch & Andreas Hack, 2020. "Nationalism at Work: Introducing the “Nationality-Based Organizational Climate Inventory” and Assessing Its Impact on the Turnover Intention of Foreign Employees," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 97-122, February.
    4. Sousa, Cátia & Gonçalves, Gabriela, 2019. "Multiculturality as an antecedent to work wellbeing and work passion," Journal of Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Cinturs - Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, University of Algarve, vol. 7(2), pages 101-124.
    5. Yulin Fang & Guo‐Liang Frank Jiang & Shige Makino & Paul W. Beamish, 2010. "Multinational Firm Knowledge, Use of Expatriates, and Foreign Subsidiary Performance," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1), pages 27-54, January.
    6. Atif Atique Siddiqui & Raja Ahmed Jamil, 2015. "Antecedents of Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Evidence from Private Educational Institutions," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 7(4), pages 160-165, November.
    7. Jinxi Michelle Li, 2011. "Analysis of Work and Cultural Adjustment of Korean-Chinese and Han-Chinese Workers in Korea under Framework of ERG Theory," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 14(2), pages 79-113, June.
    8. Bonache, Jaime & Fernández, Zulima, 1996. "Expatriate compesation and its link to subsidiary strategic role : a theoretical analysis," DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB 6017, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa.
    9. Muhammad Tahir Manzoor & Tareq Manzoor & Mumtaz Khan, 2020. "Workplace incivility: a cynicism booster leading to turnover intentions," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 47(1), pages 91-99, March.
    10. Punnett, Betty Jane, 1997. "Towards effective management of expatriate spouses," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 243-257, October.
    11. Tan, Danchi & Mahoney, Joseph T., 2002. "An Empirical Investigation of Expatriate Utilization: Resource-Based, Agency, and Transaction Costs Perspectives," Working Papers 02-0129, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Business.
    12. Cave, Adam H., 2014. "Analyzing Engagement Effects for Repatriate Retention," MPRA Paper 54052, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Hemin Song & Shuai Zhao & Wenwen Zhao & Hua Han, 2019. "Career Development Support, Job Adaptation, and Withdrawal Intention of Expatriates: A Multilevel Analysis of Environmental Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Robert Konopaske & Chet Robie & John M. Ivancevich, 2009. "Managerial Willingness to Assume Traveling, Short-term and Long-term Global Assignments," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 359-387, June.
    15. Efthymiou, Marina & Usher, David & O'Connell, John F. & Warnock-Smith, David & Conyngham, Gerry, 2021. "The factors influencing entry level airline pilot retention: An empirical study of Ryanair," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    16. Hussain, Taiba & Deery, Stephen, 2018. "Why do self-initiated expatriates quit their jobs: The role of job embeddedness and shocks in explaining turnover intentions," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 281-288.
    17. Kang, Youngho & Kim, Ryoonhee & Whang, Unjung, 2023. "International knowledge transfers and capital structure of multinational affiliates: Evidence from expatriate managers as the transfer agents," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    18. Ahrens, Carolin & Oehmichen, Jana & Wolff, Michael, 2018. "Expatriates as influencers in global work arrangements: Their impact on foreign-subsidiary employees’ ESOP participation," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 53(4), pages 452-462.
    19. BASTIDA, María & CANCELO, M.Teresa, 2014. "Expatriates Performance And Permanence: Analysis By Gender Of 124 Spanish Managers," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 14(2), pages 51-64.
    20. Thomas Köllen & Susanne Kopf, 2022. "Ostracism and nationalism in the workplace: discursive exclusionary practices between cultural and geographic neighbors," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 583-615, February.
    21. R. Robertson & H. Gaggiotti & P. Low, 2007. "Strangers in a Strange Land: Shock, Disappointment, and Adjustments Experiences of Expatriates in Central Asia," Public Organization Review, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 209-219, September.
    22. Florence Duvivier & Carine Peeters, 2011. "The use of expatriates in the offshoring of services - Framework and research propositions," Working Papers CEB 11-059, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    23. Christopher C.A. Chan & Gary S. Monroe & Juliana Ng & Rebecca Chyi Woan Tan, 2008. "Effects of Employee Support on Junior Accountants' Job Attitudes and Intention to Quit," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 18(2), pages 149-162, June.
    24. Li, Julie Juan, 2008. "How to retain local senior managers in international joint ventures: The effects of alliance relationship characteristics," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(9), pages 986-994, September.

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