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Modeling Covariance Risk in Merton's ICAPM

Author

Listed:
  • Alberto G. Rossi
  • Allan Timmermann

Abstract

We propose a new method for constructing the hedge component in Merton's ICAPM that uses a daily summary measure of economic activity to track time-varying investment opportunities. We then use nonparametric projections to compute a robust estimate of the conditional covariance between stock market returns and our daily economic activity index. We find that the new conditional covariance risk measure plays an important role in explaining time variation in the equity risk premium. Specification tests as well as out-of-sample forecasts of aggregate stock returns suggest that the new covariance risk measure performs well compared to alternative covariance measures previously proposed in the literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto G. Rossi & Allan Timmermann, 2015. "Modeling Covariance Risk in Merton's ICAPM," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(5), pages 1428-1461.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:28:y:2015:i:5:p:1428-1461.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhv015
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Leland E. Farmer & Lawrence Schmidt & Allan Timmermann, 2023. "Pockets of Predictability," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 78(3), pages 1279-1341, June.
    2. Wang, Yunqi & Zhou, Ti, 2023. "Out-of-sample equity premium prediction: The role of option-implied constraints," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 199-226.
    3. Hoang, Daniel & Wiegratz, Kevin, 2022. "Machine learning methods in finance: Recent applications and prospects," Working Paper Series in Economics 158, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Department of Economics and Management.
    4. Allan Timmermann, 2018. "Forecasting Methods in Finance," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 10(1), pages 449-479, November.
    5. Liu, Xiaochun, 2017. "Can macroeconomic dynamics explain the time variation of risk–return trade-offs in the U.S. financial market?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 275-293.
    6. Bo Yu & Bruce Mizrach & Norman R. Swanson, 2020. "New Evidence of the Marginal Predictive Content of Small and Large Jumps in the Cross-Section," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-52, May.
    7. Wang, Wenzhao & Duxbury, Darren, 2021. "Institutional investor sentiment and the mean-variance relationship: Global evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 415-441.
    8. Connolly, Robert & Dubofsky, David & Stivers, Chris, 2018. "Macroeconomic uncertainty and the distant forward-rate slope," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 140-161.
    9. Bansal, Naresh & Stivers, Chris, 2022. "Bond risk’s role in the equity risk-return tradeoff," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    10. Xiaoyue Chen & Bin Li & Andrew C. Worthington, 2022. "Economic uncertainty and Australian stock returns," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 62(3), pages 3441-3474, September.
    11. Barroso, Pedro & Boons, Martijn & Karehnke, Paul, 2021. "Time-varying state variable risk premia in the ICAPM," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(2), pages 428-451.
    12. González, Mariano & Nave, Juan & Rubio, Gonzalo, 2018. "Macroeconomic determinants of stock market betas," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 26-44.
    13. González-Sánchez, Mariano & Nave, Juan & Rubio, Gonzalo, 2020. "Effects of uncertainty and risk aversion on the exposure of investment-style factor returns to real activity," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    14. Perras, Patrizia & Wagner, Niklas, 2020. "Pricing equity-bond covariance risk: Between flight-to-quality and fear-of-missing-out," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    15. Ma, Chaoqun & Mi, Xianhua & Cai, Zongwu, 2020. "Nonlinear and time-varying risk premia," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    16. Khoa Hoang & Robert Faff, 2021. "Is the ex‐ante equity risk premium always positive? Evidence from a new conditional expectations model," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(1), pages 95-124, March.
    17. Wang, Wenzhao & Su, Chen & Duxbury, Darren, 2022. "The conditional impact of investor sentiment in global stock markets: A two-channel examination," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    18. Trifonov, Juri, 2023. "Modeling the risk premium in the Russian stock market considering the asymmetry effect," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 71, pages 5-19.
    19. Wang, Zijun & Khan, M. Moosa, 2017. "Market states and the risk-return tradeoff," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 314-327.
    20. Elkamhi, Redouane & Jo, Chanik, 2023. "Asset holders’ consumption risk and tests of conditional CCAPM," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 148(3), pages 220-244.
    21. Wang, Wenzhao, 2018. "Investor sentiment and the mean-variance relationship: European evidence," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 227-239.
    22. Wang, Wenzhao, 2018. "The mean–variance relation and the role of institutional investor sentiment," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 61-64.
    23. Liu, Xiaochun, 2017. "Unfolded risk-return trade-offs and links to Macroeconomic Dynamics," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 1-19.
    24. Lee, Kiryoung & Jeon, Yoontae & Jo, Chanik, 2020. "Chinese economic policy uncertainty and U.S. households' portfolio decisions," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    25. Tan, Zhengxun & Xiao, Binuo & Huang, Yilong & Zhou, Li, 2021. "Value at risk and return in Chinese and the US stock markets: Double long memory and fractional cointegration," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).

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