IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nbp/nbpbik/v47y2016i4p341-364.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Market structure, business cycle and bank profitability: evidence on Polish banks

Author

Listed:
  • Malgorzata Pawlowska

    (Warsaw School of Economics
    Narodowy Bank Polski)

Abstract

The study examines the impact of banking-sector structure and macroeconomic changes on bank profitability in the Polish banking sector over the past fifteen years (i.e. prior to and during the global financial crisis of 2008). The model developed in this paper incorporates the traditional structure-conduct-performance (SCP) hypothesis, as well as the relative market power hypothesis (RMP). Furthermore, this paper examines the overall effect of financial structure and macroeconomic conditions to determine whether financial development and business cycles affect the profit of Polish banks. Finally, this paper tests the impact of foreign capital on the profitability of Polish banks. Empirical results based on panel data set describing both micro-level and macro-level data find no evidence of the SCP hypothesis. However, this paper finds that foreign ownership and disintermediation have a positive effect on bank profitability in the period 1997−2012. As in other European countries, the profitability of commercial banks in Poland is contingent upon the business cycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Malgorzata Pawlowska, 2016. "Market structure, business cycle and bank profitability: evidence on Polish banks," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 47(4), pages 341-364.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:47:y:2016:i:4:p:341-364
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://bankikredyt.nbp.pl/content/2016/04/bik_04_2016_04_art.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jacob A. Bikker & Haixia Hu, 2002. "Cyclical patterns in profits, provisioning and lending of banks and procyclicality of the new Basel capital requirements," Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 55(221), pages 143-175.
    2. Arellano, Manuel & Bover, Olympia, 1995. "Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 29-51, July.
    3. Athanasoglou, Panayiotis P. & Brissimis, Sophocles N. & Delis, Matthaios D., 2008. "Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 121-136, April.
    4. Jan Boone, 2008. "A New Way to Measure Competition," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(531), pages 1245-1261, August.
    5. Manthos D. Delis & K. Christos Staikouras & Panagiotis T. Varlagas, 2008. "On the Measurement of Market Power in the Banking Industry," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(7‐8), pages 1023-1047, September.
    6. Demsetz, Harold, 1973. "Industry Structure, Market Rivalry, and Public Policy," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 16(1), pages 1-9, April.
    7. Berger, Allen N, 1995. "The Profit-Structure Relationship in Banking--Tests of Market-Power and Efficient-Structure Hypotheses," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(2), pages 404-431, May.
    8. Berger, Allen N. & Mester, Loretta J., 1997. "Inside the black box: What explains differences in the efficiencies of financial institutions?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(7), pages 895-947, July.
    9. Ewa M. Nikiel & Timothy P. Opiela, 2002. "Customer Type And Bank Efficiency In Poland: Implications For Emerging Market Banking," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 20(3), pages 255-271, July.
    10. Joe S. Bain, 1951. "Relation of Profit Rate to Industry Concentration: American Manufacturing, 1936–1940," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 65(3), pages 293-324.
    11. Laurent Weill, 2003. "Banking efficiency in transition economies," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 11(3), pages 569-592, September.
    12. Michiel van Leuvensteijn & Jacob Bikker & Adrian van Rixtel & Christoffer Kok Sørensen, 2011. "A new approach to measuring competition in the loan markets of the euro area," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(23), pages 3155-3167.
    13. Molyneux, Philip & Thornton, John, 1992. "Determinants of European bank profitability: A note," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 1173-1178, December.
    14. Claudio Borio & Leonardo Gambacorta & Boris Hofmann, 2017. "The influence of monetary policy on bank profitability," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(1), pages 48-63, March.
    15. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez‐De‐Silanes & Andrei Shleifer, 2002. "Government Ownership of Banks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(1), pages 265-301, February.
    16. Maudos, Joaquin & Fernandez de Guevara, Juan, 2004. "Factors explaining the interest margin in the banking sectors of the European Union," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(9), pages 2259-2281, September.
    17. Havrylchyk, Olena, 2006. "Efficiency of the Polish banking industry: Foreign versus domestic banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 1975-1996, July.
    18. Cetorelli, Nicola, 2004. "Real Effects of Bank Competition," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(3), pages 543-558, June.
    19. Jan Boone, 2008. "A New Way to Measure Competition," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(531), pages 1245-1261, August.
    20. Jacob A. Bikker, 2004. "Competition and Efficiency in a Unified European Banking Market," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2830.
    21. Sofronis Clerides & Manthos D. Delis & Sotirios Kokas, 2013. "A new data set on competition in national banking markets," University of Cyprus Working Papers in Economics 08-2013, University of Cyprus Department of Economics.
    22. Smirlock, Michael, 1985. "Evidence on the (Non) Relationship between Concentration and Profitability in Banking," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 17(1), pages 69-83, February.
    23. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Huizinga, Harry, 2000. "Financial structure and bank profitability," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2430, The World Bank.
    24. Fabio Rumler & Walter Waschiczek, 2010. "The Impact of Economic Factors on Bank Profits," Monetary Policy & the Economy, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 4, pages 49-67.
    25. John Goddard & Phil Molyneux & John O. S. Wilson, 2004. "The profitability of european banks: a cross‐sectional and dynamic panel analysis," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 72(3), pages 363-381, June.
    26. repec:zbw:bofitp:2000_007 is not listed on IDEAS
    27. Olena Havrylchyk & Emilia Jurzyk, 2011. "Profitability of foreign banks in Central and Eastern Europe," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 19(3), pages 443-472, July.
    28. Claeys, Sophie & Vander Vennet, Rudi, 2008. "Determinants of bank interest margins in Central and Eastern Europe: A comparison with the West," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 197-216, June.
    29. Thakor, Anjan V. & Boot, Arnoud (ed.), 2008. "Handbook of Financial Intermediation and Banking," Elsevier Monographs, Elsevier, edition 1, number 9780444515582.
    30. Albertazzi, Ugo & Gambacorta, Leonardo, 2009. "Bank profitability and the business cycle," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 5(4), pages 393-409, December.
    31. Mirzaei, Ali & Moore, Tomoe & Liu, Guy, 2013. "Does market structure matter on banks’ profitability and stability? Emerging vs. advanced economies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 2920-2937.
    32. A. P. Lerner, 1934. "The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 1(3), pages 157-175.
    33. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    34. Degryse, Hans & Kim, Moshe & Ongena, Steven, 2009. "Microeconometrics of Banking Methods, Applications, and Results," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195340471, Decembrie.
    35. Windmeijer, Frank, 2005. "A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 126(1), pages 25-51, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Farouq Altahtamouni & Shikhah Alyousef, 2021. "The Effect of Liquidity According to the Requirements of the Basel III Committee on the Profitability of Banks: Evidence from Saudi Banks," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(2), pages 439-463.
    2. Małgorzata Pawłowska, 2017. "Wpływ zagranicznych banków macierzystych na rentowność ich filii i oddziałów w Polsce podczas kryzysu finansowego," Collegium of Economic Analysis Annals, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis, issue 47, pages 143-156.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tan, Yong, 2017. "The impacts of competition and shadow banking on profitability: Evidence from the Chinese banking industry," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 89-106.
    2. Vera-Gilces, Paul & Camino-Mogro, Segundo & Ordeñana-Rodríguez, Xavier & Cornejo-Marcos, Gino, 2020. "A look inside banking profitability: Evidence from a dollarized emerging country," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 147-166.
    3. Ayaydin, Hasan & Karaaslan, İbrahim, 2014. "Stock Market Development, Bank Concentration, Ownership Structure, and Bank Performance: Evidence from Turkey," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 49-67.
    4. Hasan AYAYDIN & Ýbrahim KARAASLAN, 2014. "Stock Market Development, Bank Concentration, Ownership Structure, and Bank Performance: Evidence from Turkey," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, KSP Journals, vol. 1(1), pages 49-67, September.
    5. Yong Tan, 2018. "The Impacts of Competition and Risk on Profitability in Chinese Banking: Evidence from Boone Indicator and Stability Inefficiency," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 19(2), pages 523-554, November.
    6. Malgorzata Pawlowska, 2016. "The impact of market structure and the business cycle on bank profitability: does the SCP paradigm work? A case study in Poland prior to and during the financial crisis," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Combining micro and macro data for financial stability analysis, volume 41, Bank for International Settlements.
    7. Nguyen, My & Perera, Shrimal & Skully, Michael, 2016. "Bank market power, ownership, regional presence and revenue diversification: Evidence from Africa," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 36-62.
    8. Djalilov, Khurshid & Piesse, Jenifer, 2016. "Determinants of bank profitability in transition countries: What matters most?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 69-82.
    9. Yong Tan, 2020. "Competition and Profitability in the Chinese Banking Industry: New Evidence from Different Ownership Types," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 503-526, September.
    10. Naceur, Sami Ben & Omran, Mohammed, 2011. "The effects of bank regulations, competition, and financial reforms on banks' performance," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, March.
    11. Khan, Habib Hussain & Ahmad, Rubi Binti & Chan, Sok Gee, 2018. "Market structure, bank conduct and bank performance: Evidence from ASEAN," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 934-958.
    12. Saif-Alyousfi, Abdulazeez Y.H. & Saha, Asish, 2021. "Do tourism receipts affect bank profitability? Analytical evidence from 85 tourism economies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    13. Faluk Shair & Na Sun & Sun Shaorong & Firdos Atta & Muhammad Hussain, 2019. "Impacts of risk and competition on the profitability of banks: Empirical evidence from Pakistan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(11), pages 1-27, November.
    14. Jordan Kjosevski & Mihail Petkovski, 2017. "Determinants of Bank Profitability in the Republic of Macedonia – a Panel Data Analysis," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 3, pages 41-65.
    15. Dietrich, Andreas & Wanzenried, Gabrielle, 2014. "The determinants of commercial banking profitability in low-, middle-, and high-income countries," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 337-354.
    16. Pawlowska, Malgorzata, 2016. "Does the size and market structure of the banking sector have an effect on the financial stability of the European Union?," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 14(PA), pages 112-127.
    17. Fazelina Sahul Hamid, 2017. "The Effect of Market Structure on Banks’ Profitability and Stability: Evidence from ASEAN-5 Countries," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(4), pages 578-598, October.
    18. Jugnu Ansari & Ashima Goyal, 2014. "Bank Competition, Managerial Efficiency and the Interest Rate Pass-Through in India," Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, in: Risk Management Post Financial Crisis: A Period of Monetary Easing, volume 96, pages 317-339, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    19. Mirzaei, Ali & Moore, Tomoe & Liu, Guy, 2013. "Does market structure matter on banks’ profitability and stability? Emerging vs. advanced economies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 2920-2937.
    20. Tan, Yong, 2016. "The impacts of risk and competition on bank profitability in China," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 85-110.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    bank profitability; market power; market structure; business cycle; foreign banks;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • L1 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:47:y:2016:i:4:p:341-364. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wojciech Burjanek (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/nbpgvpl.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.