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Az FDI szerepe a gazdasági növekedés és a beruházások területi differenciálódásában Magyarországon
[The foreign direct investment role in Hungarys economic growth and territorial differentiation of investments]

Author

Listed:
  • Gál, Zoltán

Abstract

A kelet-közép-európai országokban a gazdasági szerkezet átalakítása elsősorban a külföldi működőtőke-befektetéseken (FDI) alapuló fejlesztési utat követte, amely rövid távon hozzájárult a termelékenység és a versenyképesség javulásához. A kutatás alaphipotézise szerint a dominánsan külföldi működőtőkére építő, be ru házás vezérelt kelet-közép-európai transzformációs modellben az FDI pozitív hatásai mind a beruházások, mind pedig a gazdasági növekedés tekintetében hosszabb távon sokkal kevésbé érvényesülnek. Kiindulópontunk Lengyel-Varga [2018] azon megállapítása, hogy a feldolgozóipari, külföldi működőtőkét vonzó térségek húzzák az ország GDP-növekedését. A tanulmányban az FDI növekedésgeneráló, illetve beruházási hatását vizsgáljuk, és keressük a változók közötti oksági kapcsolatot a magyarországi megyékben. Ökonometriai elemzésünk alapján nem támasztható alá, hogy az FDI-befektetések okoznák a GDP növekedését, ugyanakkor leginkább a fejlettebb és hosszabb távon magasabb gazdasági növekedést mutató megyékbe áramlik több külföldi működőtőke. A beruházások modellbeli szerepeltetése szintén eltünteti az FDI szignifikáns pozitív hatását. A kormányzati és EU-forrás alapú beruházások jóval nagyobb szerepet játszanak a GDP alakításában, mint a külföldi működőtőke.* Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: E22, F21, O47, P2, R10, R11.

Suggested Citation

  • Gál, Zoltán, 2019. "Az FDI szerepe a gazdasági növekedés és a beruházások területi differenciálódásában Magyarországon [The foreign direct investment role in Hungarys economic growth and territorial differentiation of," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(6), pages 653-686.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:1847
    DOI: 10.18414/KSZ.2019.6.653
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    JEL classification:

    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • P2 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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