IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/decono/v170y2022i1d10.1007_s10645-022-09399-4.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Intergenerational Transfers in the New Dutch Pension Contract

Author

Listed:
  • Servaas Bilsen

    (University of Amsterdam and NETSPAR)

  • Roel J. Mehlkopf

    (Tilburg University NETSPAR and Cardano)

  • Stephan Stalborch

    (De Nederlandsche Bank)

Abstract

This paper measures intergenerational transfers through the solidarity reserve of the newly proposed Dutch occupational pension contract. Our first conclusion is that the role of the solidarity reserve is higher than it may appear at a first glance. The fraction of pension savings that can go directly into the solidarity reserve is limited to 10%. However, we find that, in addition, around 30% of the pension savings of a young worker can subsequently be transferred to the solidarity reserve via a levy on future positive excess returns. Our second finding is that the solidarity reserve can introduce a substantial pay-as-you-go element within a funded pension scheme. This feature of the solidarity reserve can be overlooked easily and is not mentioned in the pension bill. Our policy recommendation to pension funds is to make explicit whether or not there is a pay-as-you-go element via the solidarity reserve, and if so to assess whether this is desirable.

Suggested Citation

  • Servaas Bilsen & Roel J. Mehlkopf & Stephan Stalborch, 2022. "Intergenerational Transfers in the New Dutch Pension Contract," De Economist, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 37-67, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:decono:v:170:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s10645-022-09399-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10645-022-09399-4
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10645-022-09399-4
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10645-022-09399-4?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alan J. Auerbach & Jagadeesh Gokhale & Laurence J. Kotlikoff, 1991. "Generational Accounts: A Meaningful Alternative to Deficit Accounting," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 5, pages 55-110, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Nick Draper & Casper Ewijk & Marcel Lever & Roel Mehlkopf, 2014. "Stochastic Generational Accounting Applied to Reforms of Dutch Occupational Pensions," De Economist, Springer, vol. 162(3), pages 287-307, September.
    3. Laurence Ball & N. Gregory Mankiw, 2007. "Intergenerational Risk Sharing in the Spirit of Arrow, Debreu, and Rawls, with Applications to Social Security Design," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 115(4), pages 523-547, August.
    4. Franco, D. & Gokhale, J. & Guiso, L. & Kotlikoff, L.J. & Sartor, N., 1991. "Generational Accounting - The Case of Italy," Papers 18, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    5. David K. Backus & Silverio Foresi & Chris Telmer, "undated". "Discrete time models of bond pricing," GSIA Working Papers 251, Carnegie Mellon University, Tepper School of Business.
    6. LuisM. Viceira & John Y. Campbell, 2001. "Who Should Buy Long-Term Bonds?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(1), pages 99-127, March.
    7. Servaas van Bilsen & Ilja A Boelaars & A. Lans Bovenberg, 2020. "The Duration Puzzle in Life-Cycle Investment," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 24(6), pages 1271-1311.
    8. Sander Muns & Bas J. M. Werker, 2022. "Pareto Optimal Pension Risk Allocations," De Economist, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 133-172, February.
    9. Gollier, Christian, 2008. "Intergenerational risk-sharing and risk-taking of a pension fund," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(5-6), pages 1463-1485, June.
    10. Mitchell, Olivia S. & Shea, Richard C. (ed.), 2016. "Reimagining Pensions: The Next 40 Years," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198755449, Decembrie.
    11. Gordon, Roger H. & Varian, Hal R., 1988. "Intergenerational risk sharing," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 185-202, November.
    12. Ponds, Eduard H. M., 2003. "Pension funds and value-based generational accounting," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 2(3), pages 295-325, November.
    13. Luuk Metselaar & Peter Zwaneveld & Casper Ewijk, 2022. "Reforming Occupational Pensions in the Netherlands: Contract and Intergenerational Aspects," De Economist, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 7-36, February.
    14. Lans Bovenberg & Roel Mehlkopf, 2014. "Optimal Design of Funded Pension Schemes," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 6(1), pages 445-474, August.
    15. Servaas van Bilsen & Ilja A Boelaars & A. Lans Bovenberg, 0. "The Duration Puzzle in Life-Cycle Investment," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 24(6), pages 1271-1311.
    16. Mehlkopf, Roel & van Bilsen, Servaas & Pelsser, Antoon, 2021. "De Voordelen van de Solidariteitsreserve Ontrafeld," Other publications TiSEM 410c3f2b-8998-4745-ac89-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sander Muns & Bas J. M. Werker, 2022. "Pareto Optimal Pension Risk Allocations," De Economist, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 133-172, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nick Draper & Casper Ewijk & Marcel Lever & Roel Mehlkopf, 2014. "Stochastic Generational Accounting Applied to Reforms of Dutch Occupational Pensions," De Economist, Springer, vol. 162(3), pages 287-307, September.
    2. Marcel Lever & Ilja Boelaars & Ryanne Cox & Roel Mehlkopf, 2015. "The allocation of financial risks during the life cycle in individual and collective DC pension contracts," CPB Discussion Paper 317, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    3. Bégin, Jean-François, 2020. "Levelling the playing field: A VIX-linked structure for funded pension schemes," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 58-78.
    4. Marcel Lever & Ilja Boelaars & Ryanne Cox & Roel Mehlkopf, 2015. "The allocation of financial risks during the life cycle in individual and collective DC pension contracts," CPB Discussion Paper 317.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    5. Bao, Hailong & Ponds, Eduard H.M. & Schumacher, Johannes M., 2017. "Multi-period risk sharing under financial fairness," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 49-66.
    6. Beetsma, R. & Romp, W., 2016. "Intergenerational Risk Sharing," Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, in: Piggott, John & Woodland, Alan (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 311-380, Elsevier.
    7. Broeders, Dirk & Mehlkopf, Roel & van Ool, Annick, 2021. "The economics of sharing macro-longevity risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 440-458.
    8. Daniel Dimitrov, 2022. "Intergenerational Risk Sharing with Market Liquidity Risk," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 22-028/VI, Tinbergen Institute.
    9. Ilja Boelaars & Roel Mehlkopf, 2018. "Optimal risk-sharing in pension funds when stock and labor markets are co-integrated," DNB Working Papers 595, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    10. Hoevenaars, J. & Ponds, E.H.M., 2008. "Valuation of intergenerational transfers in collective funded pension schemes," Other publications TiSEM 2c1afa01-df29-490e-bc52-8, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    11. Mehlkopf, R.J., 2011. "Risk sharing with the unborn," Other publications TiSEM fe8a8df6-455f-4624-af10-9, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    12. Damiaan Chen & Roel Beetsma & Dirk Broeders, 2015. "Stability of participation in collective pension schemes: An option pricing approach," DNB Working Papers 484, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    13. Chen, Damiaan H. J. & Beetsma, Roel M. W. J. & Ponds, Eduard H. M. & Romp, Ward E., 2016. "Intergenerational risk-sharing through funded pensions and public debt," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 15(2), pages 127-159, April.
    14. Robert Novy-Marx & Joshua D. Rauh, 2009. "The Liabilities and Risks of State-Sponsored Pension Plans," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 23(4), pages 191-210, Fall.
    15. Wang, Suxin & Lu, Yi & Sanders, Barbara, 2018. "Optimal investment strategies and intergenerational risk sharing for target benefit pension plans," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1-14.
    16. Alserda, G.A.G. & Steenbeek, O.W. & van der Lecq, S.G., 2017. "The Occurrence and Impact of Pension Fund Discontinuity," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2017-008-F&A, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    17. Chen, Damiaan H.J. & Beetsma, Roel M.W.J. & Broeders, Dirk W.G.A. & Pelsser, Antoon A.J., 2017. "Sustainability of participation in collective pension schemes: An option pricing approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 182-196.
    18. Michael Falkenheim, 2021. "Governmental Risk Taking Under Market Imperfections: Working Paper 2021-07," Working Papers 57255, Congressional Budget Office.
    19. Johan Hombert & Victor Lyonnet, 2022. "Can Risk Be Shared across Investor Cohorts? Evidence from a Popular Savings Product," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 35(12), pages 5387-5437.
    20. Boonen, Tim J. & De Waegenaere, Anja, 2017. "Intergenerational risk sharing in closing pension funds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 20-30.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Funded pension schemes; Solidarity reserve; Intergenerational transfers;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • H68 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:decono:v:170:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s10645-022-09399-4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.