IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ibn/ijefaa/v12y2020i4p16.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by Asian and European Union (EU) Countries: The Investment Effects of Pharmaceutical Sector

Author

Listed:
  • Asif Hussain
  • Xue Yang
  • Lu Yali
  • MS Nazir

Abstract

The importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in current era is clearly seen in the investment made by carious companies abroad and also receiving international investment by local companies. The countries are involved in outwards and inwards FDI to receive maximum profit and long-term benefits from various FDI projects. In this regard, outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) is also getting increased importance along with inwards FDI. The current study thereby intends to investigate the OFDI trends of companies from European Union and Asian countries whereby focusing on pharmaceutical sector particularly. Moreover, it is noteworthy that there is a rapid growth in pharmaceutical industries around the world due to advanced technology and infinite amassed need for treatment and cure options. Therefore, current study targets three European Union countries and three Asian countries, including both developed and developing nations, and investigates the OFDI patterns of pharmaceutical sector of countries. The results reveal that EU states are effective in both attracting FDI and making investments abroad and in domestic markkets; however, Netherland among three states has the highest performance in FDI inflows and outflows patterns. The analysis of Asian countries indicated that they are less effective in terms of their FDI flows compared to EU states. This is because of their developing stage and less economic growth stages. However, among three countries, Turkey presents the highest performance in attracting FDI from international markets, while Israel has highest performance in making investments abroad among three countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Asif Hussain & Xue Yang & Lu Yali & MS Nazir, 2020. "Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by Asian and European Union (EU) Countries: The Investment Effects of Pharmaceutical Sector," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:16
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/download/0/0/42255/44016
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/view/0/42255
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Isabel Faeth, 2009. "Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment – A Tale Of Nine Theoretical Models," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(1), pages 165-196, February.
    2. Agnès Bénassy‐Quéré & Maylis Coupet & Thierry Mayer, 2007. "Institutional Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(5), pages 764-782, May.
    3. Susana Assunção & Rosa Forte & Aurora A. C. Teixeira, 2011. "Location Determinants Of Fdi: A Literature Review," FEP Working Papers 433, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    4. Suyanto & Ruhul Salim, 2013. "Foreign direct investment spillovers and technical efficiency in the Indonesian pharmaceutical sector: firm level evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 383-395, January.
    5. -, 2009. "The economics of climate change," Sede Subregional de la CEPAL para el Caribe (Estudios e Investigaciones) 38679, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    6. Sebastian Morris & Ravi Subramanian & Charu Sachdeva, 2010. "FDI Outflows from India: An Examination of the Underlying Economics, Policies and their Impacts," Working Papers id:3214, eSocialSciences.
    7. Suma Athreye & Andrew Godley, 2009. "Internationalization and technological leapfrogging in the pharmaceutical industry," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 18(2), pages 295-323, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mariam Camarero & Laura Montolio & Cecilio Tamarit, 2020. "Determinants of FDI for Spanish regions: evidence using stock data," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 59(6), pages 2779-2820, December.
    2. Mariam Camarero & Laura Montolio & Cecilio Tamarit, 2019. "Determinants of German outward FDI: variable selection using Bayesian statistical," Working Papers 1906, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    3. Camarero, Mariam & Montolio, Laura & Tamarit, Cecilio, 2019. "What drives German foreign direct investment? New evidence using Bayesian statistical techniques," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 326-345.
    4. Aarón Garavito & Ana María Iregui & María Teresa Ramírez, 2014. "An Empirical Examination of the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Firm-Level Analysis for the Colombian Economy," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, June.
    5. Adina DORNEAN & Dumitru-Cristian OANEA, 2015. "Impact Of The Economic Crisis On Fdi In Central And Eastern Europe," Review of Economic and Business Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, issue 16, pages 53-68, December.
    6. Harms, Philipp & Knaze, Jakub, 2021. "Bilateral de-jure exchange rate regimes and foreign direct investment: A gravity analysis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    7. Brinda Sooreea-Bheemul & Uzma Shataz Rasool & Rajeev Sooreea, 2020. "Does Economic Freedom Matter to Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(3), pages 195-207.
    8. Hsieh, Hui-Ching & Boarelli, Sofia & Vu, Thi Huyen Chi, 2019. "The effects of economic policy uncertainty on outward foreign direct investment," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 377-392.
    9. Raphaël Chiappini, 2014. "Institutional Determinants of Japanese Outward FDI in the Manufacturing Industry," GREDEG Working Papers 2014-11, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    10. Markus Leibrecht & Christian Bellak, 2009. "Does the impact of employment protection legislation on FDI differ by skill-intensity of sectors? An empirical investigation," Discussion Papers 09/21, University of Nottingham, GEP.
    11. Abdisalan Salad Warsame, 2021. "The Location Choice of Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development in Africa," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(10), pages 1-69, September.
    12. Zaneta Kubik, 2023. "The role of agricultural sector performance in attracting foreign direct investment in the food and beverages sector. Evidence from planned investments in Africa," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 875-903, July.
    13. Hassan Gholipour Fereidouni & Usama Al-mulali & Miswan Abdul Hakim Bin Mohammed, 2013. "The Effects of Transaction Costs, Landlord and Tenant Practices and Property Rights on Foreign Real Estate Investment," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 7(3), pages 351-370, August.
    14. Oana Cristina Popovici & Adrian Cantemir Călin, 2014. "FDI theories. A location-based approach," Romanian Economic Journal, Department of International Business and Economics from the Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, vol. 17(53), pages 3-24, September.
    15. Andre Jungmittag & Robert Marschinski, 2023. "Service trade restrictiveness and foreign direct investment—Evidence from greenfield FDI in business services," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(6), pages 1711-1758, June.
    16. Garavito-Acosta, Aarón Levi & Iregui-Bohórquez, Ana María & Ramírez-Giraldo, María Teresa, 2013. "Inversión extranjera directa en Colombia : evolución, indicadores y determinantes por firma," Chapters, in: Rincón-Castro, Hernán & Velasco, Andrés M. (ed.), Flujos de capitales, choques externos y respuestas de política en países emergentes, chapter 3, pages 83-136, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    17. Aarón Garavito A. & Ana María Iregui B. & María Teresa Ramírez G., 2012. "Determinantes de la inversión extranjera directa en Colombia: Un estudio a nivel de firma," Borradores de Economia 714, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    18. Branimir Jovanovic & Biljana Jovanovic, 2018. "Ease of doing business and FDI in the ex-socialist countries," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 587-627, July.
    19. Aarón Garavito A. & Ana María Iregui B. & María Teresa Ramírez G., 2012. "Determinantes de la inversión extranjera directa en Colombia: Un estudio a nivel de firma," Borradores de Economia 9672, Banco de la Republica.
    20. van den Bergh, J.C.J.M. & Botzen, W.J.W., 2015. "Monetary valuation of the social cost of CO2 emissions: A critical survey," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 33-46.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:16. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Canadian Center of Science and Education (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.