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Energy Recovery from Scrap Tires: A Sustainable Option for Small Islands like Puerto Rico

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  • Eddie N. Laboy-Nieves

    (School of Sciences and Technology, Universidad del Turabo, Box 3030, Gurabo 00778, Puerto Rico)

Abstract

Puerto Rico generates and disposes nearly five million/year scrap tires (ST), of which 4.2% is recycled and 80% is exported. The Island has one of the world highest electrical service tariff ($0.28 kWh), because of its dependency on fossil fuels for power generation. The Government has not considered ST for electricity production, despite more than 13,000 ST are generated daily, and paradoxically exported for that purpose. Theoretically, if ST recycling increases to 10% and assuming that the caloric value of ST be 33 MJ/kg, it was estimated that scrap tires processed with pyrolysis can supply annually about 379 MWh, a potential value that shall not be unnoticed. This paper is a literature review to describe the legal, technical, and economic framework for the viability of ST for power generation in Puerto Rico using pyrolysis, the most recommended process for ST energy recovery. Data of ST from Puerto Rico was used to model the potential of ST for pyrolytic energy conversion. The herein article is intended to invite other insular countries and territories, to join efforts with the academic and scientific community, and with the energy generation sector, to validate ST as a sustainable option for energy generation.

Suggested Citation

  • Eddie N. Laboy-Nieves, 2014. "Energy Recovery from Scrap Tires: A Sustainable Option for Small Islands like Puerto Rico," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:6:y:2014:i:5:p:3105-3121:d:36305
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Su Shiung Lam & Howard A. Chase, 2012. "A Review on Waste to Energy Processes Using Microwave Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(10), pages 1-24, October.
    2. Blackman, Allen & Palma, Alejandra, 2002. "Scrap Tires in Ciudad Juárez and El Paso: Ranking the Risks," RFF Working Paper Series dp-02-46, Resources for the Future.
    3. Lamas, Wendell de Queiroz & Palau, Jose Carlos Fortes & Camargo, Jose Rubens de, 2013. "Waste materials co-processing in cement industry: Ecological efficiency of waste reuse," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 200-207.
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    5. Miranda, Marie Lynn & Hale, Brack, 2005. "Paradise recovered: energy production and waste management in island environments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(13), pages 1691-1702, September.
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    7. Saumya Sarkar & Jim F. Chamberlain & Shelie A. Miller, 2011. "A Comparison of Two Methods to Conduct Material Flow Analysis on Waste Tires in a Small Island Developing State," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 15(2), pages 300-314, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pedro Mora & Arturo Alarcón & Sandra Tercero & Bernardo Llamas, 2021. "Method to assess biomass in scrap tires: Spanish cement sector as a case study," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8524-8541, June.
    2. Paul Burger & Jan T. Frecè & Yvonne M. Scherrer & Claus-Heinrich Daub, 2014. "Strategies for Sustainability: Institutional and Organisational Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(11), pages 1-6, November.

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