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Identification of Key Basic Parameters Involved in Carbon Emissions in Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants

Author

Listed:
  • Kuo Gao

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China
    School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Hong Yang

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China)

  • Qingliang Zhao

    (School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Haichen Liu

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China)

Abstract

In this study, carbon emissions in three full-scale wastewater treatment plants were determined by the emission factor method. Moreover, the correlation between basic parameters (influent water parameters and pollutant removal efficiency) and carbon emissions was examined via a structural equation model (SEM). The results showed a significant variation in the total carbon emission intensity of plants over time. The average total carbon emission intensity of plants A, B and C were 0.314, 0.404 and 0.363 kg eqCO 2 /m³, respectively. Meanwhile, the indirect carbon emission caused by energy and chemical agent consumption accounts for the majority of total carbon emissions (about 85%). Generally, statistical analysis results show that carbon emission intensity is positively correlated with pollutant removal efficiency. Notably, RTN showed the highest positive correlation with E ind , followed by RTN > RCOD Cr > RTP > TN > RNH 3 -N > NH 3 -N > TP. Moreover, capacity showed the greatest negative contribution to E ind , followed by COD Cr . In contrast, the positive contribution to E dir was followed by the sequence of RTN > RCOD Cr > TN > RNH 3 -N > NH 3 -N. Notably, COD Cr showed a significantly negative correlation with E dir , while TP and its removal showed little correlation with E dir .

Suggested Citation

  • Kuo Gao & Hong Yang & Qingliang Zhao & Haichen Liu, 2023. "Identification of Key Basic Parameters Involved in Carbon Emissions in Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7225-:d:1133517
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zeng, Siyu & Chen, Xing & Dong, Xin & Liu, Yi, 2017. "Efficiency assessment of urban wastewater treatment plants in China: Considering greenhouse gas emissions," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 157-165.
    2. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
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