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Environmental and Economic Analysis of Heating Solutions for Rural Residences in China

Author

Listed:
  • Zhenying Zhang

    (School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China)

  • Jiaqi Wang

    (School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China)

  • Meiyuan Yang

    (School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China)

  • Kai Gong

    (Science and Technology Division, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China)

  • Mei Yang

    (School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China)

Abstract

A spatial assessment is important to explore appropriate heating schemes for rural residences in China. Taking rural residences in six typical cities of China as the focus, four heating solutions, namely, coal-fired boiler heating systems (CBHS), wall-hung gas-fired boiler heating systems (GBHS), direct electric heating systems (DEHS), and air source heat pump systems (ASHPS), are compared and analyzed from the perspectives of primary energy consumption, environmental impact and heating costs. The results show that the primary energy consumption and the environmental impact can be significantly reduced by using solutions of GBHS and ASHPS in comparison with CBHS. DEHS has the most significant primary energy consumption and environmental impact and is less economical. The weighted environmental impact of GBHS is reduced by over 94% compared with that of CBHS, the weighted environmental impact of ASHPS is reduced by 8–23%, 35–39%, and 43–44% compared with that of CBHS for severe cold regions, cold regions, and hot-summer and cold-winter regions, respectively. The life cycle cost of GBHS is about 33% higher than that of CBHS for the six typical cities. The life cycle cost of ASHPS is about 33–57% higher than CBHS for severe cold regions, but not much difference or even less than CBHS for cold regions and hot-summer and cold-winter regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhenying Zhang & Jiaqi Wang & Meiyuan Yang & Kai Gong & Mei Yang, 2022. "Environmental and Economic Analysis of Heating Solutions for Rural Residences in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5117-:d:800882
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evans, Meredydd & Yu, Sha & Song, Bo & Deng, Qinqin & Liu, Jing & Delgado, Alison, 2014. "Building energy efficiency in rural China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 243-251.
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    Cited by:

    1. Viktoria Mannheim & Károly Nehéz & Salman Brbhan & Péter Bencs, 2023. "Primary Energy Resources and Environmental Impacts of Various Heating Systems Based on Life Cycle Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-23, October.

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