IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i24p16456-d997902.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A PANAS Structure Analysis: On the Validity of a Bifactor Model in Korean College Students

Author

Listed:
  • Hongseok Park

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, Graduate School of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jeong-Mi Lee

    (Department of Counseling Psychology, Seoul Graduate School of Counselling Psychology, Seoul 03136, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Sohee Koo

    (Vision Department, LS ELECTRIC, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea)

  • So-Youn Chung

    (Division of Police Administration, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea)

  • Seongki Lee

    (College of Law, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea)

  • Young Il Cho

    (Division of Police Administration, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the best model fit among the six models in the Korean version of Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (K-PANAS). Therefore, this study compared and analyzed the dimensional structure of this schedule for Korean college students. Specifically, the model fitness of six models, which are under debate, were compared: a single model for K-PANAS, a two-factor model (PA&NA) without any factor correlation, a three-factor model (PA, NA-Afraid, NA-Upset), a two-factor bifactor model, a three-factor bifactor model, and a three-factor bifactor model with error correlation. A total of 875 samples were analyzed, and the results show that best model fit is the three-factor bifactor model with error correlation. We named the general factor of the bifactor model “activation (or arousal).” This findings of this study will provide a richer explanation of emotions for researchers analyzing emotional activation (or arousal), a general factor of emotion, PA, and NA future studies that use PANAS.

Suggested Citation

  • Hongseok Park & Jeong-Mi Lee & Sohee Koo & So-Youn Chung & Seongki Lee & Young Il Cho, 2022. "A PANAS Structure Analysis: On the Validity of a Bifactor Model in Korean College Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:16456-:d:997902
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/16456/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/16456/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter Greenspoon & Donald Saklofske, 2001. "Toward an Integration of Subjective Well-Being and Psychopathology," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 81-108, April.
    2. Galina Balatsky & Ed Diener, 1993. "Subjective well-being among Russian students," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 225-243, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zi Jia Ng & Eugene Scott Huebner & Alberto Maydeu-Olivares & Kimberly Joy Hills, 2018. "Confirmatory Factor Analytic Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS) in a Longitudinal Sample of Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(4), pages 1237-1247, August.
    2. T. Gregory & E. Dal Grande & M. Brushe & D. Engelhardt & S. Luddy & M. Guhn & A. Gadermann & K.A. Schonert-Reichl & S. Brinkman, 2021. "Associations between School Readiness and Student Wellbeing: A Six-Year Follow Up Study," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(1), pages 369-390, February.
    3. Xin, Sufei & Peng, Haiyun & Sheng, Liang, 2022. "Changes of social anxiety in Chinese adolescents during 2002 ∼ 2020: An increasing trend and its relationship with social change," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    4. Alcides Moreno Fortes & Lili Tian & E. Scott Huebner, 2020. "Occupational Stress and Employees Complete Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-18, May.
    5. M. Joseph Sirgy & Muzaffer Uysal & Stefan Kruger, 2017. "Towards a Benefits Theory of Leisure Well-Being," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 12(1), pages 205-228, March.
    6. Jaime C. Semchuk & Shannon L. McCullough & Nancy A. Lever & Heather J. Gotham & Jessica E. Gonzalez & Sharon A. Hoover, 2022. "Educator-Informed Development of a Mental Health Literacy Course for School Staff: Classroom Well-Being Information and Strategies for Educators (Classroom WISE)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Gregor Gonza & Anže Burger, 2017. "Subjective Well-Being During the 2008 Economic Crisis: Identification of Mediating and Moderating Factors," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 18(6), pages 1763-1797, December.
    8. Wenen Chen & Qian Zheng & Changyong Liang & Yuguang Xie & Dongxiao Gu, 2020. "Factors Influencing College Students’ Mental Health Promotion: The Mediating Effect of Online Mental Health Information Seeking," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-17, July.
    9. Carla Zappulla & Ugo Pace & Valentina Cascio & Giovanni Guzzo & E. Huebner, 2014. "Factor Structure and Convergent Validity of the Long and Abbreviated Versions of the Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale in an Italian Sample," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 118(1), pages 57-69, August.
    10. Arletta Isaeva & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2021. "Correlates of Life Satisfaction Inequality in Russia," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 16(5), pages 2251-2269, October.
    11. Robert Biswas-Diener & Joar Vittersø & Ed Diener, 2010. "The Danish Effect: Beginning to Explain High Well-Being in Denmark," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 229-246, June.
    12. Irina V. Leto & Evgeniya N. Petrenko & Helena R. Slobodskaya, 2019. "Life Satisfaction in Russian Primary Schoolchildren: Links with Personality and Family Environment," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(6), pages 1893-1912, August.
    13. E. Huebner, 2004. "Research on Assessment of Life Satisfaction of Children and Adolescents," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 66(1), pages 3-33, April.
    14. Maksym Bryukhanov & Igor Fedotenkov, 2017. "Religiosity and Life Satisfaction in Russia: Evidence from the Russian Data," HSE Working papers WP BRP 180/EC/2017, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    15. Uysal, Muzaffer & Sirgy, M. Joseph & Woo, Eunju & Kim, Hyelin (Lina), 2016. "Quality of life (QOL) and well-being research in tourism," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 244-261.
    16. Matthew Iasiello & Eimear Muir-Cochrane & Joep van Agteren & Daniel B. Fassnacht, 2022. "The Effect of Psychological Distress on Measurement Invariance in Measures of Mental Wellbeing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-12, August.
    17. Richard Ball & Kateryna Chernova, 2008. "Absolute Income, Relative Income, and Happiness," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 88(3), pages 497-529, September.
    18. Graham F. Moore & Rebecca Cox & Rhiannon E. Evans & Britt Hallingberg & Jemma Hawkins & Hannah J. Littlecott & Sara J. Long & Simon Murphy, 2018. "School, Peer and Family Relationships and Adolescent Substance Use, Subjective Wellbeing and Mental Health Symptoms in Wales: a Cross Sectional Study," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(6), pages 1951-1965, December.
    19. Robert Biswas-Diener & Ed Diener, 2001. "Making the Best of a Bad Situation: Satisfaction in the Slums of Calcutta," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 329-352, September.
    20. Robert Cummins, 2000. "Personal Income and Subjective Well-being: A Review," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 1(2), pages 133-158, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:16456-:d:997902. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.