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Antifungal and Antiaflatoxigenic Activities of Different Plant Extracts against Aspergillus flavus

Author

Listed:
  • Said I. Behiry

    (Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt)

  • Najwa A. Hamad

    (Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Al Bayda 00218-84, Libya)

  • Fatimah O. Alotibi

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Amr A. Arishi

    (School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia)

  • Ahmed M. Kenawy

    (Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab City 21934, Egypt)

  • Ibrahim A. Elsamra

    (Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt)

  • Nesrine H. Youssef

    (Microbiology and Mycotoxins Labs, Regional Center for Foods and Feeds, Agricultural Researches Center, Alexandria 12619, Egypt)

  • Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy

    (Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt)

  • Ahmed Abdelkhalek

    (Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, ALCRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab City 21934, Egypt)

  • Ahmed A. Heflish

    (Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt)

Abstract

In the current study, four organic solvents, including ethanol, methanol, acetone, and diethyl ether, were used to extract turmeric, wheat bran, and taro peel. The efficiency of three different concentrations of each solvent was assessed for their antifungal and anti-mycotoxin production against Aspergillus flavus . The results indicated that 75% ethanolic and 25% methanolic extracts of taro peels and turmeric were active against fungus growth, which showed the smallest fungal dry weight ratios of 1.61 and 2.82, respectively. Furthermore, the 25% ethanolic extract of turmeric showed the best result (90.78%) in inhibiting aflatoxin B 1 production. After 30 days of grain storage, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) production was effectively inhibited, and the average inhibition ratio ranged between 4.46% and 69.01%. Simultaneously, the Topsin fungicide resulted in an inhibition ratio of 143.92%. Taro extract (25% acetone) produced the highest total phenolic content (61.28 mg GAE/g dry extract wt.) and showed an antioxidant capacity of 7.45 μg/mL, followed by turmeric 25% ethanol (49.82 mg GAE/g), which revealed the highest antioxidant capacity (74.16 μg/mL). RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the expression of afl D, afl P, and afl Q (structural genes) and afl R and afl S (regulatory genes) was down-regulated significantly compared to both untreated and Topsin-treated maize grains. Finally, the results showed that all three plant extracts could be used as promising source materials for potential products to control aflatoxin formation, thus creating a safer method for grain storage in the environment than the currently used protective method.

Suggested Citation

  • Said I. Behiry & Najwa A. Hamad & Fatimah O. Alotibi & Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar & Amr A. Arishi & Ahmed M. Kenawy & Ibrahim A. Elsamra & Nesrine H. Youssef & Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy & Ahmed Abdelkhalek, 2022. "Antifungal and Antiaflatoxigenic Activities of Different Plant Extracts against Aspergillus flavus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12908-:d:937755
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Prasad Naik & Michel Wedel & Lynd Bacon & Anand Bodapati & Eric Bradlow & Wagner Kamakura & Jeffrey Kreulen & Peter Lenk & David Madigan & Alan Montgomery, 2008. "Challenges and opportunities in high-dimensional choice data analyses," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 201-213, December.
    2. Wafaa M. AbdEl-Rahim & Wagdy K. B. Khalil & Mariam G. Eshak, 2010. "Evaluation of the gene expression changes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as affected by the bio-removal of toxic textile dyes from aqueous solution in small-scale bioreactor," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 30(3), pages 242-253, September.
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