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Practical Challenges and Opportunities for Marine Plastic Litter Reduction in Manila: A Structural Equation Modeling

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  • Guilberto Borongan

    (Graduate School of Public Administration, National Institute of Development Administration, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
    Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang 12120, Thailand)

  • Anchana NaRanong

    (Graduate School of Public Administration, National Institute of Development Administration, Bangkok 10240, Thailand)

Abstract

Land-based plastic pollution has increased to the level of an epidemic due to improper plastic waste management, attributed to plastic waste flux into the marine environment. The extant marine plastic litter (MPL) literature focuses primarily on the monitoring and assessment of the problem, but it fails to acknowledge the link between the challenges and opportunities for MPL reduction. The study aimed to examine the practical challenges and opportunities influencing the reduction of marine plastic litter in Manila in the Philippines. Data collected through an online survey from 426 barangays were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and were then validated using interviews and focused group discussions. Good internal consistency (0.917) and convergent and discriminant validity were achieved. The empirical study has established structural model fit measures of RMSEA (0.021), SRMR (0.015), CFI (0.999), and TLI (0.994), with a good parsimonious fit of the chi-square/degrees of freedom ratio of 1.190. The findings revealed that environmental governance regarding waste management policies and guidelines, COVID-19 regulations for waste management, community participation, and socio-economic activities have positively affected marine plastic litter leakage and solution measures. Environmental governance significantly and partially mediates the effects of, e.g., COVID-19-related waste and socio-economic activities on MPL leakage. However, there is no relationship between the waste management infrastructure and environmental governance. The findings shed light on how to enhance environmental governance to reduce marine plastic litter and address Manila’s practical challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Guilberto Borongan & Anchana NaRanong, 2022. "Practical Challenges and Opportunities for Marine Plastic Litter Reduction in Manila: A Structural Equation Modeling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-30, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:6128-:d:818278
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Naama Lev & Maya Negev & Ofira Ayalon, 2023. "Sometimes Littering Is Acceptable—Understanding and Addressing Littering Perceptions in Natural Settings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Hani A. Abu-Qdais & Anna I. Kurbatova, 2022. "Editorial: Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Local Issue with Global Impacts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-3, September.

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