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Visualization of the Sustainability Level of Crude Palm Oil Production: A Life Cycle Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Najat Omran

    (Faculty of Foresty and Environment, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia)

  • Amir Hamzah Sharaai

    (Faculty of Foresty and Environment, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia
    Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia)

  • Ahmad Hariza Hashim

    (Faculty of Human Ecology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Malaysia)

Abstract

The Malaysian palm oil is an important source of social development and economic growth in the country. Nevertheless, it has been accused of conducting unsustainable practices that may affect the sustainability of this industry. Thus, this study aims to identify the level of sustainability of crude palm oil (CPO) production. Environmental impacts were assessed using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standardized life cycle assessment (LCA). Economic impacts were evaluated using life cycle costing (LCC). Social impact assessment was identified based on the UNEP/SETAC Guidelines for social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) was used to combine three methods: LCA, life cycle costing (LCC) and S-LCA using the scoring system method. Finally, a presentation technique was developed to visualize the LCSA results. The results show that crude palm oil production requires more improvement to be a sustainable product. The study feasibly enables the decision-makers to understand the significant environmental, economic, and social hotspots during the crude palm oil production process in order to promote palm oil production.

Suggested Citation

  • Najat Omran & Amir Hamzah Sharaai & Ahmad Hariza Hashim, 2021. "Visualization of the Sustainability Level of Crude Palm Oil Production: A Life Cycle Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:1607-:d:492264
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Silalertruksa, Thapat & Gheewala, Shabbir H., 2012. "Environmental sustainability assessment of palm biodiesel production in Thailand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 306-314.
    2. Matthias Finkbeiner & Erwin M. Schau & Annekatrin Lehmann & Marzia Traverso, 2010. "Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 2(10), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Ruqun Wu & Dan Yang & Jiquan Chen, 2014. "Social Life Cycle Assessment Revisited," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(7), pages 1-27, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wafaurahman Wafa & Amir Hamzah Sharaai & Nitanan Koshy Matthew & Sabrina Abdullah J Ho & Noor Ahmad Akhundzada, 2022. "Organizational Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (OLCSA) for a Higher Education Institution as an Organization: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-29, February.
    2. Jana Gerta Backes & Leonie Sophie Steinberg & Alexandra Weniger & Marzia Traverso, 2023. "Visualization and Interpretation of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment—Existing Tools and Future Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, July.

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