IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i15p8628-d607186.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of Research and Development Financing Based on the Strategies in EU: Case of Sweden, Slovakia and Romania

Author

Listed:
  • Emília Duľová Spišáková

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Business Economy with Seat in Košice, University of Economics in Bratislava, 041 30 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Barbora Gontkovičová

    (Department of Commercial Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Business Economy with seat in Košice, University of Economics in Bratislava, 041 30 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Emil Spišák

    (Department of Mechanical Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia)

Abstract

Research and development have been of interest to the European Union for a long time. This topic is also underlined in economic reform agendas and plans that have the form of strategies with clearly set targets. The article deals with the issue of financing R&D activities from the perspective of the share of expenditure to GDP, the total amount of funds spent on R&D, the share of expenditure per capita, and the structure of expenditure. The aim is to analyze and compare development in the field of R&D financing in selected countries of the European Union with emphasis on achieving the Europe 2020 target and to point out the expected development of the indicator for the first years of the validity of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. During the processing of the article, mathematical and statistical methods (regression and correlation analysis) were used in addition to standard logic methods intended for processing data and drawing conclusions (synthesis, induction). The final evaluates the achievement of the target in the field of R&D financing in accordance with the target of the Europe 2020 strategy and, using regression, predicts the development of the given indicator for coming years.

Suggested Citation

  • Emília Duľová Spišáková & Barbora Gontkovičová & Emil Spišák, 2021. "Assessment of Research and Development Financing Based on the Strategies in EU: Case of Sweden, Slovakia and Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:15:p:8628-:d:607186
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/15/8628/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/15/8628/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Barnabé Walheer, 2019. "Disentangling Heterogeneity Gaps and Pure Performance Differences in Composite Indexes Over Time: The Case of the Europe 2020 Strategy," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 143(1), pages 25-45, May.
    2. Reza Tajaddini & Hassan F. Gholipour, 2020. "Economic policy uncertainty, R&D expenditures and innovation outputs," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 48(2), pages 413-427, June.
    3. Magdalena Radulescu & Aleksandra Fedajev & Crenguta Ileana Sinisi & Constanta Popescu & Silvia Elena Iacob, 2018. "Europe 2020 Implementation as Driver of Economic Performance and Competitiveness. Panel Analysis of CEE Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-20, February.
    4. Barnabé Walheer, 2018. "Decomposing the Europe 2020 Index," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 140(3), pages 875-905, December.
    5. Francisco A. Blanco & Francisco J. Delgado & Maria J. Presno, 2018. "R&D Expenditure in the EU: Convergence or Divergence?," Working Papers. Collection B: Regional and sectoral economics 1804, Universidade de Vigo, GEN - Governance and Economics research Network.
    6. B.-A. Lundvall & Edward Lorenz, 2014. "The Euro-crisis and the failure of the Lisbon Strategy," Post-Print hal-01086862, HAL.
    7. United Nations UN, 2015. "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Working Papers id:7559, eSocialSciences.
    8. Castellani, Davide & Piva, Mariacristina & Schubert, Torben & Vivarelli, Marco, 2019. "R&D and productivity in the US and the EU: Sectoral specificities and differences in the crisis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 279-291.
    9. Paolo Pasimeni, 2013. "The Europe 2020 Index," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 110(2), pages 613-635, January.
    10. Nuno Quental & Júlia M. Lourenço & Fernando Nunes da Silva, 2011. "Sustainable development policy: goals, targets and political cycles," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 19(1), pages 15-29, January/F.
    11. Kasprzyk, Beata & Wojnar, Jolanta, 2021. "An Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The Europe 2020 Strategy," Economic and Regional Studies (Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne), John Paul II University of Applied Sciences in Biala Podlaska, vol. 14(2), June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Barbara Kryk & Małgorzata Klaudia Guzowska, 2021. "Implementation of Climate/Energy Targets of the Europe 2020 Strategy by the EU Member States," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Izabela Młynarzewska-Borowiec, 2021. "Does Implementation of the Smart Growth Priority Affect Per Capita Income of EU countries?—Empirical Analysis for the Period 2000–2017," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(3), pages 1345-1366, September.
    3. Charlotte Wüst & Nicky Rogge, 2022. "How is the European Union progressing towards its Europe 2020 targets? A benefit-of-the-doubt window analysis," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 49(2), pages 405-438, May.
    4. Mariia Kostetckaia & Markus Hametner, 2022. "How Sustainable Development Goals interlinkages influence European Union countries’ progress towards the 2030 Agenda," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 916-926, October.
    5. Marek Walesiak & Grażyna Dehnel & Marek Obrębalski, 2021. "Assessment of the Europe 2020 Strategy: A Multidimensional Indicator Analysis via Dynamic Relative Taxonomy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-20, August.
    6. Ewa Chodakowska & Joanicjusz Nazarko, 2020. "Assessing the Performance of Sustainable Development Goals of EU Countries: Hard and Soft Data Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-26, July.
    7. Hametner, Markus & Kostetckaia, Mariia, 2020. "Frontrunners and laggards: How fast are the EU member states progressing towards the sustainable development goals?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    8. Magdalena Radulescu & Aleksandra Fedajev & Crenguta Ileana Sinisi & Constanta Popescu & Silvia Elena Iacob, 2018. "Europe 2020 Implementation as Driver of Economic Performance and Competitiveness. Panel Analysis of CEE Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-20, February.
    9. Ewa Roszkowska & Marzena Filipowicz-Chomko, 2021. "Measuring Sustainable Development Using an Extended Hellwig Method: A Case Study of Education," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 153(1), pages 299-322, January.
    10. Malgorzata Klaudia Guzowska & Barbara Kryk, 2021. "Efficiency of Implementing Climate/Energy Targets of the Europe 2020 Strategy and the Structural Diversity between Old and New Member States," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    11. Nicolai Abramovich & Alexandru Vasiliu, 2023. "Sustainability as fairness: A Rawlsian framework linking intergenerational equity and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) with business practices," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(3), pages 1328-1342, June.
    12. Anna Magdalena Korzeniowska, 2021. "Heterogeneity of government social spending in European Union countries," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-9, December.
    13. Paulina Schiappacasse & Bernhard Müller & Le Thuy Linh, 2019. "Towards Responsible Aggregate Mining in Vietnam," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-15, August.
    14. Pina Puntillo, 2023. "Circular economy business models: Towards achieving sustainable development goals in the waste management sector—Empirical evidence and theoretical implications," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(2), pages 941-954, March.
    15. Schlör, Holger & Venghaus, Sandra & Hake, Jürgen-Friedrich, 2018. "The FEW-Nexus city index – Measuring urban resilience," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 382-392.
    16. Jean-Louis Combes & Alexandru Minea & Pegdéwendé Nestor Sawadogo, 2019. "Assessing the effects of combating illicit financial flows on domestic tax revenue mobilization in developing countries," CERDI Working papers halshs-02019073, HAL.
    17. Nelson, Ewan & Warren, Peter, 2020. "UK transport decoupling: On track for clean growth in transport?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 39-51.
    18. Ibrahim Ari & Muammer Koc, 2018. "Sustainable Financing for Sustainable Development: Understanding the Interrelations between Public Investment and Sovereign Debt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-25, October.
    19. R. Ebrahimi & S. Choobchian & H. Farhadian & I. Goli & E. Farmandeh & H. Azadi, 2022. "Investigating the effect of vocational education and training on rural women’s empowerment," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, December.
    20. Benjamin Nölting & Bettina König & Anne B. Zimmermann & Antonietta Di Giulio & Martina Schäfer & Flurina Schneider, 2022. "Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic: an opportunity to reflect on sustainability research," NachhaltigkeitsManagementForum | Sustainability Management Forum, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 11-27, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:15:p:8628-:d:607186. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.