IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i24p10422-d461493.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relationship between Urban New Business Indexes and the Business Environment of Chinese Cities: A Study Based on Entropy-TOPSIS and a Gaussian Process Regression Model

Author

Listed:
  • Yishao Shi

    (College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Danxuan Liu

    (College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

The interactive development of economic globalization, informatization, marketization, and urbanization has reshaped the urban commercial landscape and society, and poses new requirements for the business environment. New commerce forms that are based on information technology and electronic payment and integrate online and offline forms are growing rapidly in China. However, the relationship between new commerce forms and the business environment has not received sufficient academic attention. Using 29 major cities in China, this paper constructs a new business index system consisting of the following six sub-indexes: the characteristic hotels index, the Starbucks index, the Freshhema index, the concept bookstores index, the smart convenience stores index, and the healthcare and medical examination index. The entropy coupled with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was used for quantitative evaluation of urban new business vitality. We found that the Freshhema index and smart convenient store index are the two most important evaluation factors. The relationship between the new business index and the business environment was examined through multiple linear regression (MLR) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) analysis. We found that the MLR is not a valid model, and instead, the nonlinear GPR model has good explanatory power for this relationship. The results show that human capital has a more important effect than the economic development level on business vitality. The rise and development of new commercial forms depend on the innovation and optimization of the business environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Yishao Shi & Danxuan Liu, 2020. "Relationship between Urban New Business Indexes and the Business Environment of Chinese Cities: A Study Based on Entropy-TOPSIS and a Gaussian Process Regression Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10422-:d:461493
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/24/10422/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/24/10422/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Reinartz, Werner & Wiegand, Nico & Imschloss, Monika, 2019. "The impact of digital transformation on the retailing value chain," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 350-366.
    2. Cai, Ya-Jun & Lo, Chris K.Y., 2020. "Omni-channel management in the new retailing era: A systematic review and future research agenda," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    3. Teimuraz Gogokhia & George Berulava, 2021. "Business environment reforms, innovation and firm productivity in transition economies," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 11(2), pages 221-245, June.
    4. George Clarke & Yue Li & Lixin Colin Xu, 2016. "Business environment, economic agglomeration and job creation around the world," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(33), pages 3088-3103, July.
    5. Marsal-Llacuna, Maria-Lluïsa & Colomer-Llinàs, Joan & Meléndez-Frigola, Joaquim, 2015. "Lessons in urban monitoring taken from sustainable and livable cities to better address the Smart Cities initiative," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 90(PB), pages 611-622.
    6. ZHANG,Jindong, 2019. "Review of Related Studies on Eco-city Theory," Asian Agricultural Research, USA-China Science and Culture Media Corporation, vol. 11(04), April.
    7. Li, Feng, 2020. "The digital transformation of business models in the creative industries: A holistic framework and emerging trends," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 92.
    8. Liao, Shu-Hsien & Yang, Ling-Ling, 2020. "Mobile payment and online to offline retail business models," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    9. Manfred M. Fischer & Javier Revilla Diez & Folke Snickars, 2001. "Metropolitan Innovation Systems," Advances in Spatial Science, Springer, number 978-3-662-04630-2, Fall.
    10. Wu, Zhen & Chen, Ruishan & Meadows, Michael E. & Sengupta, Dhritiraj & Xu, Di, 2019. "Changing urban green spaces in Shanghai: trends, drivers and policy implications," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    11. O' Donovan, Adam & O' Sullivan, Paul D. & Murphy, Michael D., 2019. "Predicting air temperatures in a naturally ventilated nearly zero energy building: Calibration, validation, analysis and approaches," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 991-1010.
    12. Foster Lubbe & Jacques Maritz & Thomas Harms, 2020. "Evaluating the Potential of Gaussian Process Regression for Solar Radiation Forecasting: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-18, October.
    13. Jaroslav Belas & Martin Cepel & Anna Kotaskova, 2018. "Quality of business environment in the SME segment," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 6509331, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
    14. Piyush Kumar Sinha & Sanjay Kumar Kar, 2010. "Insights into the Growth of New Retail Formats in India," Springer Books, in: Manfred Krafft & Murali K. Mantrala (ed.), Retailing in the 21st Century, pages 119-140, Springer.
    15. Toshiyuki Matsuura & Mitsuru Sunada, 2010. "Welfare Assessment of New Retail Formats: Evidence from Japan's Retail Industry," Keio/Kyoto Joint Global COE Discussion Paper Series 2010-018, Keio/Kyoto Joint Global COE Program.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhiyuan Dong & Zenglian Zhang, 2022. "Does the Business Environment Improve the Sustainable Development of Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bernard COUTROT & Jean H.P. PAELINCK & Alain SALLEZ & Ryan SUTTER, 2009. "On Potentialized Partial Finite Difference Equations: Analyzing The Complexity Of Knowledge-Based Spatial Economic Developments," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 29, pages 237-264.
    2. Maria Vincenza Ciasullo & Orlando Troisi & Mara Grimaldi & Daniele Leone, 2020. "Multi-level governance for sustainable innovation in smart communities: an ecosystems approach," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 1167-1195, December.
    3. Yaoyao Zhu & Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling, 2022. "A Systematic Review of Morphological Transformation of Urban Open Spaces: Drivers, Trends, and Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, August.
    4. Ponzoa, José M. & Gómez, Andrés & Mas, José M., 2023. "EU27 and USA institutions in the digital ecosystem: Proposal for a digital presence measurement index," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    5. Wang, Lu-Yao & Hu, Hai-Hua & Wang, Le & Qin, Jian-Qun, 2022. "Privacy assurances and social sharing in social commerce: The mediating role of threat-coping appraisals," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    6. Coskun-Setirek, Abide & Tanrikulu, Zuhal, 2021. "Digital innovations-driven business model regeneration: A process model," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    7. Javier Revilla Diez & Martin Berger, 2005. "The Role of Multinational Corporations in Metropolitan Innovation Systems: Empirical Evidence from Europe and Southeast Asia," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 37(10), pages 1813-1835, October.
    8. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Fuhao & Chang, Yu-Fang, 2023. "Towards net-zero emissions: Can green bond policy promote green innovation and green space?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    9. Jiabin Liu & Ji Han, 2017. "Does a Certain Rule Exist in the Long-Term Change of a City’s Livability? Evidence from New York, Tokyo, and Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-15, September.
    10. Lee, Junmin & Kim, Keungoui & Kim, Jiyong & Hwang, Junseok, 2022. "The relationship between shared mobility and regulation in South Korea: A system dynamics approach from the socio-technical transitions perspective," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    11. Hua Xia & Shidong Ge & Xinyu Zhang & Gunwoo Kim & Yakai Lei & Yang Liu, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Green Infrastructure in an Agricultural Peri-Urban Area: A Case Study of Baisha District in Zhengzhou, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-21, July.
    12. Zhen Yang & Weijun Gao, 2022. "Evaluating the Coordinated Development between Urban Greening and Economic Growth in Chinese Cities during 2005 to 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-25, August.
    13. Ancillai, Chiara & Sabatini, Andrea & Gatti, Marco & Perna, Andrea, 2023. "Digital technology and business model innovation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    14. Ladislav Mura & Zuzana Hajduová, 2021. "Small and medium enterprises in regions - empirical and quantitative approach," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 3(2), pages 252-266, June.
    15. Hongda Liu & Haifeng Zhao, 2022. "Upgrading models, evolutionary mechanisms and vertical cases of service-oriented manufacturing in SVC leading enterprises: Product-development and service-innovation for industry 4.0," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-24, December.
    16. Ravula, Prashanth & Bhatnagar, Amit & Ghose, Sanjoy, 2020. "Antecedents and consequences of cross-effects: An empirical analysis of omni-coupons," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 405-420.
    17. Piepponen, Amanda & Ritala, Paavo & Keränen, Joona & Maijanen, Päivi, 2022. "Digital transformation of the value proposition: A single case study in the media industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 311-325.
    18. Gao, Mengjia & Huang, Lin, 2021. "Quality of channel integration and customer loyalty in omnichannel retailing: The mediating role of customer engagement and relationship program receptiveness," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    19. Li, Chengming & Huo, Peng & Wang, Zeyu & Zhang, Weiguang & Liang, Feiyan & Mardani, Abbas, 2023. "Digitalization generates equality? Enterprises’ digital transformation, financing constraints, and labor share in China," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    20. Daphne Ngar-Yin Mah & Peter Hills, 2014. "Collaborative Governance for Technological Innovation: A Comparative Case Study of Wind Energy in Xinjiang, Shanghai, and Guangdong," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 32(3), pages 509-529, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10422-:d:461493. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.