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Situational Analysis of Household Energy and Biomass Use and Associated Health Burden of Indoor Air Pollution and Mitigation Efforts in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Zafar Fatmi

    (Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan)

  • Asma Rahman

    (Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan)

  • Ambreen Kazi

    (Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan)

  • M. Masood Kadir

    (Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, Pakistan)

  • Nalini Sathiakumar

    (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, RPHB 517D, 1665 University Blvd. Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA)

Abstract

Biomass fuel burning leads to high levels of suspended particulate matter and hazardous chemicals in the indoor environment in countries where it is in common use, contributing significantly to indoor air pollution (IAP). A situational analysis of household energy and biomass use and associated health effects of IAP was conducted by reviewing published and un-published literature about the situation in Pakistan. In addition to attempt to quantify the burden of ill health due to IAP, this paper also appraises the mitigation measures undertaken to avert the problem in Pakistan. Unfortunately, IAP is still not a recognized environmental hazard in Pakistan and there are no policies and standards to control it at the household level. Only a few original studies related to health effects of IAP have been conducted, mainly on women’s health and birth outcome, and only a few governmental, non-governmental and academic institutions are working to improve the IAP situation by introducing improved stoves and renewable energy technology at a small scale. Control of IAP health hazards in Pakistan requires an initial meeting of the stakeholders to define a policy and an action agenda. Simultaneously, studies gathering evidence of impact of intervention through available technologies such as improved stoves would have favorable impact on the health, especially of women and children in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Zafar Fatmi & Asma Rahman & Ambreen Kazi & M. Masood Kadir & Nalini Sathiakumar, 2010. "Situational Analysis of Household Energy and Biomass Use and Associated Health Burden of Indoor Air Pollution and Mitigation Efforts in Pakistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:7:y:2010:i:7:p:2940-2952:d:9030
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pappas, G. & Akhtar, T. & Gergen, P.J. & Hadden, W.C. & Khan, A.Q., 2001. "Health status of the Pakistani population: A health profile and comparison with the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(1), pages 93-98.
    2. Mirza, Umar K. & Ahmad, Nasir & Majeed, Tariq, 2008. "An overview of biomass energy utilization in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(7), pages 1988-1996, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abre-Rehmat Qurat-ul-Ann & Sana Mahfooz, 2022. "Effect of Household Cooking Energy Poverty on Child Respiratory Health in Pakistan," iRASD Journal of Economics, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 4(2), pages 352-366, June.

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