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Influence of Chewing Ability on Elderly Adults’ Cognitive Functioning: The Mediating Effects of the Ability to Perform Daily Life Activities and Nutritional Status

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  • Yun-Sook Jung

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, 2559, Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju-si 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Taejun Park

    (Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Eun-Kyong Kim

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, 2559, Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju-si 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea)

  • Seong-Hwa Jeong

    (Faculty of Health Science, Daegu Haany University, 1, Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea)

  • Young-Eun Lee

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, Daegu Health College, 15, Yeongsong-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41453, Korea)

  • Min-Jeong Cho

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, 2559, Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju-si 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea)

  • Keun-Bae Song

    (Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea)

  • Youn-Hee Choi

    (Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea
    Institute for Translational Research in Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea)

Abstract

Chewing ability is also related to activities of daily living (ADLs) and nutritional status; however, these associations have not been firmly established. We examined chewing ability as a predictor variable and explored its relationship with cognitive functioning as mediated by ADLs and nutritional status data were collected by face-to-face interviews. Patients were receiving home healthcare service in Mun-gyeong city, Gyung-buk, Korea. Participants comprised 295 patients aged 81.35 ± 6.70 years. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed using AMOS 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The model fit was based on absolute fit index and incremental fit index. Data were collected to assess cognitive functioning (using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination for dementia screening (MMSE-DS)), ADL, a mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) questionnaire, and a chewing ability test. Participants with better chewing ability had significantly better cognitive functioning, ADLs, and nutritional status ( p < 0.001). Chewing ability directly affected cognitive functioning and indirectly affected how ADLs and MNA affected MMSE-DS. Chewing ability is an important factor influencing the cognitive functioning of elderly adults in Korea, both directly and indirectly through mediating variables such as nutritional status and ADLs. Efforts to help older adults maintain their chewing ability are necessary for preventing cognitive impairment.

Suggested Citation

  • Yun-Sook Jung & Taejun Park & Eun-Kyong Kim & Seong-Hwa Jeong & Young-Eun Lee & Min-Jeong Cho & Keun-Bae Song & Youn-Hee Choi, 2022. "Influence of Chewing Ability on Elderly Adults’ Cognitive Functioning: The Mediating Effects of the Ability to Perform Daily Life Activities and Nutritional Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1236-:d:731037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wolfgang Lutz & Warren Sanderson & Sergei Scherbov, 2008. "The coming acceleration of global population ageing," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7179), pages 716-719, February.
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    1. Jin Gao & Qing Gao & Liting Huo & Jianchuang Yang, 2022. "Impaired Activity of Daily Living Status of the Older Adults and Its Influencing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-10, November.

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