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Examining the Intended and Unintended Impacts of Raising a Minimum Legal Drinking Age on Primary and Secondary Societal Harm and Violence from a Contextual Policy Perspective: A Scoping Review

Author

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  • Ruud T. J. Roodbeen

    (Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
    Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), P.O. Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Rachel I. Dijkstra

    (Tilburg Law School, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90151, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
    Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, P.O. Box 71304, 1008 BH Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Karen Schelleman-Offermans

    (Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Work & Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands)

  • Roland Friele

    (Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
    Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), P.O. Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Dike van de Mheen

    (Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Raising a minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) has generated interest and debate in research and politics, but opposition persists. Up to now, the presentation of impacts focussed on effectiveness (i.e., intended impact); to our knowledge, no literature syntheses focussed on both intended and unintended impacts. A systematic scoping review was conducted in which a search strategy was developed iteratively and literature was obtained from experts in alcohol research and scientific and grey databases. Ninety-one studies were extracted and analysed using formative thematic content analysis. Intended impacts were reported in 119 units of information from the studies (68% positive), forming four paths: implementation, primary and (two) on secondary societal harm and violence. Unintended developments were reported in 43 units of information (30% positive), forming five themes. Only eight studies reported on implementation. Furthermore, a division between primary and secondary paths and the use of a bridging variable (drinking patterns in analyses or methodology) was discovered. These results provide an insight into how well legislation works and can be used to discover or implement new means of curbing underage drinking and alcohol-related violence and harm. They also offer valuable starting points for future research and underline the importance of considering unintended developments.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruud T. J. Roodbeen & Rachel I. Dijkstra & Karen Schelleman-Offermans & Roland Friele & Dike van de Mheen, 2021. "Examining the Intended and Unintended Impacts of Raising a Minimum Legal Drinking Age on Primary and Secondary Societal Harm and Violence from a Contextual Policy Perspective: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1999-:d:501772
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schelleman-Offermans, Karen & Vieno, Alessio & Stevens, Gonneke W.J.M. & Kuntsche, Emmanuel, 2022. "Family affluence as a protective or risk factor for adolescent drunkenness in different countries and the role drinking motives play," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).

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