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Increasing Fuel Efficiency of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Systems with Feedforward Control of the Operating Concentration

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  • Youngseung Na

    (Institute of Energy and Process Systems Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Str. 35, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
    International Max Planck Research School for Advanced Methods in Process and Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg 39106, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Federico Zenith

    (SINTEF Applied Cybernetics, PO Box 4760 Sluppen, Trondheim NO-7465, Norway
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ulrike Krewer

    (Institute of Energy and Process Systems Engineering, TU Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Str. 35, Braunschweig 38106, Germany)

Abstract

Most of the R&D on fuel cells for portable applications concentrates on increasing efficiencies and energy densities to compete with other energy storage devices, especially batteries. To improve the efficiency of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) systems, several modifications to system layouts and operating strategies are considered in this paper, rather than modifications to the fuel cell itself. Two modified DMFC systems are presented, one with an additional inline mixer and a further modification of it with a separate tank to recover condensed water. The set point for methanol concentration control in the solution is determined by fuel efficiency and varies with the current and other process variables. Feedforward concentration control enables variable concentration for dynamic loads. Simulation results were validated experimentally with fuel cell systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Youngseung Na & Federico Zenith & Ulrike Krewer, 2015. "Increasing Fuel Efficiency of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Systems with Feedforward Control of the Operating Concentration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:9:p:10409-10429:d:56133
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sharaf, Omar Z. & Orhan, Mehmet F., 2014. "An overview of fuel cell technology: Fundamentals and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 810-853.
    2. Kim, Joon-Hee & Yang, Min-Jee & Park, Jun-Young, 2014. "Improvement on performance and efficiency of direct methanol fuel cells using hydrocarbon-based membrane electrode assembly," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 95-102.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xuqu Hu & Xingyi Wang & Juanzhong Chen & Qinwen Yang & Dapeng Jin & Xiang Qiu, 2017. "Numerical Investigations of the Combined Effects of Flow Rate and Methanol Concentration on DMFC Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Blanco, Elena C. & Sánchez, Antonio & Martín, Mariano & Vega, Pastora, 2023. "Methanol and ammonia as emerging green fuels: Evaluation of a new power generation paradigm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    3. Eapen, Deepa Elizabeth & Suresh, Resmi & Patil, Sairaj & Rengaswamy, Raghunathan, 2021. "A systems engineering perspective on electrochemical energy technologies and a framework for application driven choice of technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).

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