IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v8y2015i12p12420-14150d60671.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimization of Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Properties and Engine Performance with Ether Additive Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methods

Author

Listed:
  • Obed M. Ali

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia)

  • Rizalman Mamat

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Gholamhassan Najafi

    (Mechanics of Biosystems Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Talal Yusaf

    (Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland University, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6135583151, Iran)

Abstract

In this study, the fuel properties and engine performance of blended palm biodiesel-diesel using diethyl ether as additive have been investigated. The properties of B30 blended palm biodiesel-diesel fuel were measured and analyzed statistically with the addition of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% (by volume) diethyl ether additive. The engine tests were conducted at increasing engine speeds from 1500 rpm to 3500 rpm and under constant load. Optimization of independent variables was performed using the desirability approach of the response surface methodology (RSM) with the goal of minimizing emissions and maximizing performance parameters. The experiments were designed using a statistical tool known as design of experiments (DoE) based on RSM.

Suggested Citation

  • Obed M. Ali & Rizalman Mamat & Gholamhassan Najafi & Talal Yusaf & Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili, 2015. "Optimization of Biodiesel-Diesel Blended Fuel Properties and Engine Performance with Ether Additive Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:12:p:12420-14150:d:60671
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/8/12/12420/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/8/12/12420/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Behçet, Rasim & Oktay, Hasan & Çakmak, Abdulvahap & Aydin, Hüseyin, 2015. "Comparison of exhaust emissions of biodiesel–diesel fuel blends produced from animal fats," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 157-165.
    2. Wan Ghazali, Wan Nor Maawa & Mamat, Rizalman & Masjuki, H.H. & Najafi, Gholamhassan, 2015. "Effects of biodiesel from different feedstocks on engine performance and emissions: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 585-602.
    3. Xue, Jinlin & Grift, Tony E. & Hansen, Alan C., 2011. "Effect of biodiesel on engine performances and emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1098-1116, February.
    4. Mekhilef, S. & Siga, S. & Saidur, R., 2011. "A review on palm oil biodiesel as a source of renewable fuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 1937-1949, May.
    5. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Papagiannakis, Roussos G. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2014. "Influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-speed DI (direct injection) diesel engine: Vegetable oil, bio-diesel, ethanol, n-butanol, die," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 354-366.
    6. Devaraj, J. & Robinson, Y. & Ganapathi, P., 2015. "Experimental investigation of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of waste plastic pyrolysis oil blended with diethyl ether used as fuel for diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 304-309.
    7. Joshi, Hem & Moser, Bryan R. & Toler, Joe & Smith, William F. & Walker, Terry, 2010. "Effects of blending alcohols with poultry fat methyl esters on cold flow properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 2207-2210.
    8. Atabani, A.E. & Silitonga, A.S. & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mekhilef, S., 2012. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2070-2093.
    9. Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Giakoumis, Evangelos G. & Dimaratos, Athanasios M., 2012. "Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 214-224.
    10. Lam, Man Kee & Tan, Kok Tat & Lee, Keat Teong & Mohamed, Abdul Rahman, 2009. "Malaysian palm oil: Surviving the food versus fuel dispute for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(6-7), pages 1456-1464, August.
    11. Kumar, Niraj & Varun, & Chauhan, Sant Ram, 2013. "Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel from different origins: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 633-658.
    12. Qi, D.H. & Chen, H. & Geng, L.M. & Bian, Y.Z., 2011. "Effect of diethyl ether and ethanol additives on the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel-diesel blended fuel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1252-1258.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ali Raza & Hassan Mehboob & Sajjad Miran & Waseem Arif & Syed Farukh Javaid Rizvi, 2020. "Investigation on the Characteristics of Biodiesel Droplets in the Engine Cylinder," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Mansour Al Qubeissi & Nawar Al-Esawi & Hakan Serhad Soyhan, 2021. "Combustion of Fuel Surrogates: An Application to Gas Turbine Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Prabhakar Sharma & Ajay Chhillar & Zafar Said & Saim Memon, 2021. "Exploring the Exhaust Emission and Efficiency of Algal Biodiesel Powered Compression Ignition Engine: Application of Box–Behnken and Desirability Based Multi-Objective Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    4. Behdad Shadidi & Gholamhassan Najafi & Talal Yusaf, 2021. "A Review of Hydrogen as a Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Shelare, Sagar D. & Belkhode, Pramod N. & Nikam, Keval Chandrakant & Jathar, Laxmikant D. & Shahapurkar, Kiran & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Veza, Ibham & Khan, T.M. Yunus & Kalam, M.A. & Nizami, Ab, 2023. "Biofuels for a sustainable future: Examining the role of nano-additives, economics, policy, internet of things, artificial intelligence and machine learning technology in biodiesel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    6. Francisco Anguebes-Franseschi & Mohamed Abatal & Ali Bassam & Mauricio A. Escalante Soberanis & Oscar May Tzuc & Lauro Bucio-Galindo & Atl Victor Cordova Quiroz & Claudia Alejandra Aguilar Ucan & Migu, 2018. "Esterification Optimization of Crude African Palm Olein Using Response Surface Methodology and Heterogeneous Acid Catalysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, January.
    7. Ä°smet Sezer, 2020. "A review study on using diethyl ether in diesel engines: Effects on fuel properties, injection, and combustion characteristics," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(2), pages 179-214, March.
    8. Adrian Clenci & Rodica Niculescu & Amélie Danlos & Victor Iorga-Simăn & Alina Trică, 2016. "Impact of Biodiesel Blends and Di-Ethyl-Ether on the Cold Starting Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
    9. Mohammad Anwar & Mohammad G. Rasul & Nanjappa Ashwath & Md Mofijur Rahman, 2018. "Optimisation of Second-Generation Biodiesel Production from Australian Native Stone Fruit Oil Using Response Surface Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, September.
    10. Abdi Hanra Sebayang & Masjuki Haji Hassan & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Surya Dharma & Arridina Susan Silitonga & Fitranto Kusumo & Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia & Aditiya Harjon Bahar, 2017. "Optimization of Reducing Sugar Production from Manihot glaziovii Starch Using Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, January.
    11. Biswas, Srijit & Kakati, Dipankar & Chakraborti, Prasun & Banerjee, Rahul, 2022. "Performance-emission-stability mapping of CI engine in RCCI-PCCI modes under varying ethanol and CNG induced reactivity profiles: A comparative study through experimental and optimization perspectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    12. Nawar Al-Esawi & Mansour Al Qubeissi & Ruslana Kolodnytska, 2019. "The Impact of Biodiesel Fuel on Ethanol/Diesel Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-11, May.
    13. Md Mofijur Rahman & Mohammad Rasul & Nur Md Sayeed Hassan & Justin Hyde, 2016. "Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-15, May.
    14. Adhirath Mandal & Haengmuk Cho & Bhupendra Singh Chauhan, 2021. "ANN Prediction of Performance and Emissions of CI Engine Using Biogas Flow Variation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    15. Mat Yasin, Mohd Hafizil & Mamat, Rizalman & Najafi, G. & Ali, Obed Majeed & Yusop, Ahmad Fitri & Ali, Mohd Hafiz, 2017. "Potentials of palm oil as new feedstock oil for a global alternative fuel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1034-1049.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohd Noor, C.W. & Noor, M.M. & Mamat, R., 2018. "Biodiesel as alternative fuel for marine diesel engine applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 127-142.
    2. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    3. Hagos, Ftwi Y. & Ali, Obed M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, Abdul A., 2017. "Effect of emulsification and blending on the oxygenation and substitution of diesel fuel for compression ignition engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1281-1294.
    4. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Ashrafur Rahman, S.M. & Mahmudul, H.M., 2015. "Energy scenario and biofuel policies and targets in ASEAN countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 51-61.
    5. Obed M. Ali & Talal Yusaf & Rizalman Mamat & Nik R. Abdullah & Abdul Adam Abdullah, 2014. "Influence of Chemical Blends on Palm Oil Methyl Esters’ Cold Flow Properties and Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-17, July.
    6. Mat Yasin, Mohd Hafizil & Mamat, Rizalman & Najafi, G. & Ali, Obed Majeed & Yusop, Ahmad Fitri & Ali, Mohd Hafiz, 2017. "Potentials of palm oil as new feedstock oil for a global alternative fuel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1034-1049.
    7. Sakthivel, R. & Ramesh, K. & Purnachandran, R. & Mohamed Shameer, P., 2018. "A review on the properties, performance and emission aspects of the third generation biodiesels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2970-2992.
    8. Chakraborty, Rajat & Gupta, Abhishek.K. & Chowdhury, Ratul, 2014. "Conversion of slaughterhouse and poultry farm animal fats and wastes to biodiesel: Parametric sensitivity and fuel quality assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 120-134.
    9. Ä°smet Sezer, 2020. "A review study on using diethyl ether in diesel engines: Effects on fuel properties, injection, and combustion characteristics," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(2), pages 179-214, March.
    10. El-Shafay, A.S. & Ağbulut, Ümit & Attia, El-Awady & Touileb, Kamel Lounes & Gad, M.S., 2023. "Waste to energy: Production of poultry-based fat biodiesel and experimental assessment of its usability on engine behaviors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    11. Vallinayagam, R. & Vedharaj, S. & Yang, W.M. & Roberts, W.L. & Dibble, R.W., 2015. "Feasibility of using less viscous and lower cetane (LVLC) fuels in a diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1166-1190.
    12. Márcio Carvalho & Felipe Torres & Vitor Ferreira & Júlio Silva & Jorge Martins & Ednildo Torres, 2020. "Effects of Diethyl Ether Introduction in Emissions and Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Biodiesel-Ethanol Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-14, July.
    13. Yusri, I.M. & Mamat, R. & Najafi, G. & Razman, A. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H. & Ishak, W.F.W. & Shaiful, A.I.M., 2017. "Alcohol based automotive fuels from first four alcohol family in compression and spark ignition engine: A review on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 169-181.
    14. Ahmad Fitri Yusop & Rizalman Mamat & Talal Yusaf & Gholamhassan Najafi & Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin & Akasyah Mohd Khathri, 2018. "Analysis of Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions in Diesel Engines Using Palm Oil Biodiesel Blended with Diesel Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-25, April.
    15. Sundar Kamalesan Pillai & Udayakumar Rajamanickam & Shashank Khurana, 2023. "Impact of Diethyl Ether on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a VCR Diesel Engine Fueled by Dual Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-32, June.
    16. Ashnani, Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi & Johari, Anwar & Hashim, Haslenda & Hasani, Elham, 2014. "A source of renewable energy in Malaysia, why biodiesel?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 244-257.
    17. Othman, Mohd Fahmi & Adam, Abdullah & Najafi, G. & Mamat, Rizalman, 2017. "Green fuel as alternative fuel for diesel engine: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 694-709.
    18. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Hazrat, M.A. & Liaquat, A.M. & Shahabuddin, M. & Varman, M., 2012. "Prospects of biodiesel from Jatropha in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5007-5020.
    19. Sinan Erdogan & Cenk Sayin, 2018. "Selection of the Most Suitable Alternative Fuel Depending on the Fuel Characteristics and Price by the Hybrid MCDM Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-15, May.
    20. Khairul Azly Zahan & Manabu Kano, 2018. "Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil, Its By-Products, and Mill Effluent: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-25, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:12:p:12420-14150:d:60671. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.