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Environmental Hazards and Risk Identification in the Arctic Shelf Development as Part of China and Russia Energy Interests

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  • Svetlana Razmanova

    (Branch of Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC, Ukhta, 1a, Sevastopolskaya St., 169300 Ukhta, Russia)

  • Zhanna Pisarenko

    (Department of Risk Management and Insurance, Faculty of Economics, St. Petersburg State University, 62 Chaikovsky Str., 191123 St. Petersburg, Russia)

  • Olga Nesterova

    (Department of Economy and Management, Ukhta State Technical University, 13 Senyukova St., 169300 Ukhta, Russia)

  • Nguyen Kahn Toan

    (Institute of European Studies, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, No. 1 Lieu Giai, Ba Đinh, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Leonid Ivanov

    (Russian Academy of Engineering, 9, Bldg. 4, Gazetny Pereulok, 125009 Moscow, Russia)

Abstract

China and Russia have different interests in the Arctic but are forced to look for possible ways of cooperation in energy projects in the current external conditions. This changes the priorities of both countries and, accordingly, transforms the risks. Objectives of the research: to build an algorithm for identifying anthropogenic environmental risks in the context of two major players economic activities in the Arctic region: the Russian Federation and China. In the paper, we formulated an algorithm of environmental risk identification. We identified environmental hazards from the main parameter—the type of economic activity for the extraction of energy resources, premises, and factors for the occurrence of environmental hazards and compiled criteria for risk selection. Methods used: complex analysis (mixed method research): empirical and comparative methods, methods of expert assessments, the method of inductive statistics (inferential statistics) to compare the perception of risk at the level of different groups. Results: the algorithm has been formed for determining risks in the changed external conditions. Major anthropogenic environmental risks are identified from the perspective of the main players in the Arctic—Russia and China, which can help to make the necessary decisions on time and partially prevent environmental degradation. This makes it possible to identify the risks associated with conducting economic activities for the extraction of energy resources in the Arctic region. Therefore, this study contributes to a more accurate identification of anthropogenic environmental risks in the Arctic region.

Suggested Citation

  • Svetlana Razmanova & Zhanna Pisarenko & Olga Nesterova & Nguyen Kahn Toan & Leonid Ivanov, 2023. "Environmental Hazards and Risk Identification in the Arctic Shelf Development as Part of China and Russia Energy Interests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1800-:d:1065422
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xiwen Cui & Xinyu Guan & Dongyu Wang & Dongxiao Niu & Xiaomin Xu, 2022. "Can China Meet Its 2030 Total Energy Consumption Target? Based on an RF-SSA-SVR-KDE Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Qiu, Shuo & Lei, Tian & Wu, Jiangtao & Bi, Shengshan, 2021. "Energy demand and supply planning of China through 2060," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    3. Chang, Yen-Chiang & Wang, Nannan, 2010. "Environmental regulations and emissions trading in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(7), pages 3356-3364, July.
    4. Laura Landrum & Marika M. Holland, 2020. "Extremes become routine in an emerging new Arctic," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(12), pages 1108-1115, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Diana Dmitrieva & Amina Chanysheva & Victoria Solovyova, 2023. "A Conceptual Model for the Sustainable Development of the Arctic’s Mineral Resources Considering Current Global Trends: Future Scenarios, Key Actors, and Recommendations," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-28, May.

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