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Emission Mitigation and Energy Security Trade-Off: Role of Natural Gas in the Indian Power Sector

Author

Listed:
  • Nandini Das

    (Global Change Programme Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Shyamasree Dasgupta

    (School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi 175005, India)

  • Joyashree Roy

    (Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok 12120, Thailand
    Department of Economics, Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India)

  • Oluf Langhelle

    (Department of Media and Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway)

  • Mohsen Assadi

    (Department of Energy and Petroleum Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway)

Abstract

India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) aim to increase the share of non-fossil fuel, especially renewables, in power generation. But at the same time, it mentions that coal is likely to dominate the power generation in the short and medium term to meet the increase in demand and support the intermittency of renewable energy-based power generation. Thus, additional efforts to transform the thermal power generation to a more efficient and less emitting one in the near term by increasing the use of natural gas (a fossil fuel with a lower emission factor than coal) may be planned towards achieving India’s additional mitigation commitments. The paper presents the implications of a proposed increase in the share of natural gas in thermal power generation of India by looking into the trade-off between emission mitigation and energy security. Along with a Reference Scenario, three alternative emission scenarios are proposed to understand the likely impacts of increased penetration of natural gas in power generation on India’s projected emission profile up to 2050. Results suggest that higher mitigation potential can be achieved through fuel-switch in thermal generation and technological up-gradation to enhance energy use efficiency. The energy security due to the increased share of natural gas imports can be dealt with by diversifying import sources. Shifts can achieve this in the emphasis on long-term contracts.

Suggested Citation

  • Nandini Das & Shyamasree Dasgupta & Joyashree Roy & Oluf Langhelle & Mohsen Assadi, 2021. "Emission Mitigation and Energy Security Trade-Off: Role of Natural Gas in the Indian Power Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:3787-:d:581007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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