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Is the Fischer-Tropsch Conversion of Biogas-Derived Syngas to Liquid Fuels Feasible at Atmospheric Pressure?

Author

Listed:
  • Rawan Hakawati

    (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK)

  • Beatrice Smyth

    (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK)

  • Helen Daly

    (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
    Current address: School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.)

  • Geoffrey McCullough

    (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK)

  • David Rooney

    (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK)

Abstract

Biogas resulting from anaerobic digestion can be utilized for the production of liquid fuels via reforming to syngas followed by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Renewable liquid fuels are highly desirable due to their potential for use in existing infrastructure, but current Fischer-Tropsch processes, which require operating pressures of 2–4 MPa (20–40 bar), are unsuitable for the relatively small scale of typical biogas production facilities in the EU, which are agriculture-based. This paper investigates the feasibility of producing liquid fuels from biogas-derived syngas at atmospheric pressure, with a focus on the system’s response to various interruption factors, such as total loss of feed gas, variations to feed ratio, and technical problems in the furnace. Results of laboratory testing showed that the liquid fuel selectivity could reach 60% under the studied conditions of 488 K (215 °C), H 2 /CO = 2 and 0.1 MPa (1 bar) over a commercial Fischer–Tropsch catalyst. Analysis indicated that the catalyst had two active sites for propagation, one site for the generation of methane and another for the production of liquid fuels and wax products. However, although the production of liquid fuels was verified at atmospheric pressure with high liquid fuel selectivity, the control of such a system to maintain activity is crucial. From an economic perspective, the system would require subsidies to achieve financial viability.

Suggested Citation

  • Rawan Hakawati & Beatrice Smyth & Helen Daly & Geoffrey McCullough & David Rooney, 2019. "Is the Fischer-Tropsch Conversion of Biogas-Derived Syngas to Liquid Fuels Feasible at Atmospheric Pressure?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-28, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:6:p:1031-:d:214569
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    1. O'Connor, S. & Ehimen, E. & Pillai, S.C. & Black, A. & Tormey, D. & Bartlett, J., 2021. "Biogas production from small-scale anaerobic digestion plants on European farms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).

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