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Effect of Rabbit Urine on the Larval Behavior, Larval Mortality, Egg Hatchability, Adult Emergence and Oviposition Preference of the Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)

Author

Listed:
  • Diana Kemunto

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • Evanson R. Omuse

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • David K. Mfuti

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • Amanuel Tamiru

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • Girma Hailu

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • Ignath Rwiza

    (Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Mwanza P.O. Box 1433, Tanzania)

  • Yeneneh T. Belayneh

    (USAID/BHA/TPQ, Washington, DC 20523, USA)

  • Sevgan Subramanian

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

  • Saliou Niassy

    (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ( icipe ), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya)

Abstract

The fall armyworm (FAW) ( Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) is a major cereal pest threatening food security in Africa. African smallholder farmers apply various indigenous pest management practices, including rabbit urine; however, there is no scientific evidence for its efficacy. The FAW eggs, first, second and third instar larvae and moths were exposed to rabbit urine-treated maize leaves alongside untreated maize leaves (control). More FAW larvae (46.0–70.0%) remained on the untreated leaves than those (27.0–43.0%) on the rabbit urine-treated leaves. Rabbit urine caused 6.4 and 12.8% damage reduction of the second and third instars, respectively, 24 h post-exposure. Rabbit urine significantly reduced the survival of FAW, had a lethal time (LT 50 ) of 5.0, 7.3 and 8.7 days and a lethal dose (LD 50 ) of 48, 94, and 55% for the first, second and third instars, respectively. Egg hatchability and adult emergence were reduced by 55.0 and 13.3%, respectively. The FAW female moths laid more eggs on the rabbit urine-treated plants (647 ± 153 eggs) than they did on the untreated plants (72 ± 64 eggs). This study confirms farmers’ assertions about using rabbit urine to manage FAW. For successful integration into the FAW IPM package, additional studies on the chemistry of rabbit urine, the behavioral response and the field might be required.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana Kemunto & Evanson R. Omuse & David K. Mfuti & Amanuel Tamiru & Girma Hailu & Ignath Rwiza & Yeneneh T. Belayneh & Sevgan Subramanian & Saliou Niassy, 2022. "Effect of Rabbit Urine on the Larval Behavior, Larval Mortality, Egg Hatchability, Adult Emergence and Oviposition Preference of the Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:8:p:1282-:d:894755
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wilson, Clevo & Tisdell, Clem, 2001. "Why farmers continue to use pesticides despite environmental, health and sustainability costs," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 449-462, December.
    2. Menale Kassie & Tesfamicheal Wossen & Hugo De Groote & Tadele Tefera & Subramanian Sevgan & Solomon Balew, 2020. "Economic impacts of fall armyworm and its management strategies: evidence from southern Ethiopia," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 47(4), pages 1473-1501.
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