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An analytical approach to study partial shading effects on PV array supported by literature

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  • Ahmad, R.
  • Murtaza, Ali F.
  • Ahmed Sher, Hadeed
  • Tabrez Shami, Umar
  • Olalekan, Saheed

Abstract

This paper presents the effects of partial shading on PV arrays. The characteristics of PV array under various shading patterns are modeled in the form of current-voltage graphs. The analysis of these graphs leads to several critical observations, which are summarized in five statements. Based on these statements, two hypotheses are presented: 1) irrespective of any partial shading pattern, maximum number of local maxima in a PV array is equal to the number of series connected modules in a string, 2) number of local maxima in a PV array is equal to the quantity of open circuit voltage values (excluding last value) around which bypass diodes of the shaded modules become forward biased plus 1. Finally, both hypotheses are verified with the help of simulation results. Other than that, our findings provide exact information about the shaded PV module in an entire PV system. This study strengthens not only the theoretical knowledge of shading phenomena but also helps exploring the partial shading effects on PV array without any aid of software, advanced techniques or practical systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad, R. & Murtaza, Ali F. & Ahmed Sher, Hadeed & Tabrez Shami, Umar & Olalekan, Saheed, 2017. "An analytical approach to study partial shading effects on PV array supported by literature," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 721-732.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:74:y:2017:i:c:p:721-732
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.02.078
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    4. Ghosh, Santosh & Yadav, Vinod Kumar & Mukherjee, Vivekananda, 2019. "Improvement of partial shading resilience of PV array though modified bypass arrangement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1079-1093.
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    7. Pillai, Dhanup S. & Shabunko, Veronika & Krishna, Amal, 2022. "A comprehensive review on building integrated photovoltaic systems: Emphasis to technological advancements, outdoor testing, and predictive maintenance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
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    9. Liu, Zhengguang & Guo, Zhiling & Chen, Qi & Song, Chenchen & Shang, Wenlong & Yuan, Meng & Zhang, Haoran, 2023. "A review of data-driven smart building-integrated photovoltaic systems: Challenges and objectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    10. Ahmad, Riaz & Murtaza, Ali F. & Sher, Hadeed Ahmed, 2019. "Power tracking techniques for efficient operation of photovoltaic array in solar applications – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 82-102.
    11. Ali Faisal Murtaza & Hadeed Ahmed Sher, 2023. "A Reconfiguration Circuit to Boost the Output Power of a Partially Shaded PV String," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-13, January.
    12. Chen, Xiaoyang & Du, Yang & Lim, Enggee & Wen, Huiqing & Yan, Ke & Kirtley, James, 2020. "Power ramp-rates of utility-scale PV systems under passing clouds: Module-level emulation with cloud shadow modeling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
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