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Fault location and isolation in micro-grids using a digital central protection unit

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  • Mirsaeidi, Sohrab
  • Said, Dalila Mat
  • Mustafa, Mohammad Wazir
  • Habibuddin, Mohammad Hafiz
  • Ghaffari, Kimia

Abstract

Currently, there are significant interests in deployment of renewable and low carbon energy sources in the form of micro-grids for local energy generation. Micro-grids operate in two modes, namely stand-alone and grid-connected. This poses a problem in micro-grid protection settings, in a sense that the fault current magnitude in a micro-grid reduces drastically during its transition from being grid-connected to stand-alone mode of operation. This paper presents a micro-grid protection scheme based on positive-sequence component using PMUs and a digital CPU. The salient feature of the proposed scheme in comparison with the previous works is that it has the ability to protect both radial and looped micro-grids against different types of faults with the capability of single-phase tripping. Furthermore, since the CPU is capable of updating its pickup values (upstream and downstream equivalent positive-sequence impedances of each line) after the first change in the micro-grid configuration (such as transferring from grid-connected to islanded mode and or disconnection of a line, bus, or DER either in grid-connected mode or in islanded mode), it can protect micro-grid against subsequent faults. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the suggested scheme and the CPU, several simulations have been undertaken by using DIgSILENT PowerFactory and MATLAB software packages.

Suggested Citation

  • Mirsaeidi, Sohrab & Said, Dalila Mat & Mustafa, Mohammad Wazir & Habibuddin, Mohammad Hafiz & Ghaffari, Kimia, 2016. "Fault location and isolation in micro-grids using a digital central protection unit," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1-17.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:56:y:2016:i:c:p:1-17
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.162
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Baziar, Aliasghar & Kavousi-Fard, Abdollah, 2013. "Considering uncertainty in the optimal energy management of renewable micro-grids including storage devices," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 158-166.
    2. Gopalan, Sachit A. & Sreeram, Victor & Iu, Herbert H.C., 2014. "A review of coordination strategies and protection schemes for microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 222-228.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jia, Ke & Gu, Chenjie & Li, Lun & Xuan, Zhengwen & Bi, Tianshu & Thomas, David, 2018. "Sparse voltage amplitude measurement based fault location in large-scale photovoltaic power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 568-581.
    3. Hashim A. Al Hassan & Andrew Reiman & Gregory F. Reed & Zhi-Hong Mao & Brandon M. Grainger, 2018. "Model-Based Fault Detection of Inverter-Based Microgrids and a Mathematical Framework to Analyze and Avoid Nuisance Tripping and Blinding Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Muhammad Khuram Shahzad & Akif Zia Khan & Dong Ryeol Shin, 2017. "Smart Distribution Networks: A Review of Modern Distribution Concepts from a Planning Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-47, April.
    5. Shazia Baloch & Saeed Zaman Jamali & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Muhammad Saeed Uz Zaman & Arif Hussain & Chul-Hwan Kim, 2020. "Microgrid Protection Strategy Based on the Autocorrelation of Current Envelopes Using the Squaring and Low-Pass Filtering Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, May.
    6. Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Abdul Wadood & Tahir Khurshaid & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Sang Bong Rhee & Ki-Chai Kim, 2022. "Empirical Wavelet Transform-Based Intelligent Protection Scheme for Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, October.

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