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Hydrothermal carbonization process: Fundamentals, main parameter characteristics and possible applications including an effective method of SARS-CoV-2 mitigation in sewage sludge. A review

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  • Czerwińska, Klaudia
  • Śliz, Maciej
  • Wilk, Małgorzata

Abstract

Hydrothermal carbonization is a thermochemical conversion process that is used as an opportunity to convert biomass and organic waste in the presence of water into solid biofuel, liquid, and gaseous products. It is a low-energy alternative for transforming waste of different origins: sewage sludge, lignocellulosic biomass, algae and other types of waste. This paper reviews the process carried out on sludge. The properties of the resulting products depend on the process parameters, which include residence time of reaction, pH, water content and temperature. The correct adjustment of parameters is very important and has a significant impact on the properties of hydrothermal products, offering different possibilities for various applications of products in their respective fields. The influence of the process parameters, the characteristics of the liquid and solid products and use of products, mostly hydrochar, are widely discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Czerwińska, Klaudia & Śliz, Maciej & Wilk, Małgorzata, 2022. "Hydrothermal carbonization process: Fundamentals, main parameter characteristics and possible applications including an effective method of SARS-CoV-2 mitigation in sewage sludge. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:154:y:2022:i:c:s1364032121011400
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111873
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    Cited by:

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    2. Maciej Śliz & Klaudia Czerwińska & Aneta Magdziarz & Lidia Lombardi & Małgorzata Wilk, 2022. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of the Wet Fraction from Mixed Municipal Solid Waste: A Fuel and Structural Analysis of Hydrochars," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Salah Jellali & Antonis A. Zorpas & Sulaiman Alhashmi & Mejdi Jeguirim, 2022. "Recent Advances in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-6, September.
    4. Gabriele Di Giacomo & Pietro Romano, 2022. "Evolution and Prospects in Managing Sewage Sludge Resulting from Municipal Wastewater Purification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-33, August.
    5. Vishwajeet & Halina Pawlak-Kruczek & Marcin Baranowski & Michał Czerep & Artur Chorążyczewski & Krystian Krochmalny & Michał Ostrycharczyk & Paweł Ziółkowski & Paweł Madejski & Tadeusz Mączka & Amit A, 2022. "Entrained Flow Plasma Gasification of Sewage Sludge–Proof-of-Concept and Fate of Inorganics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, March.

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