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Trips and their CO2 emissions to and from a shopping center

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  • Jia, Tao
  • Carling, Kenneth
  • Håkansson, Johan

Abstract

Previous studies have focused on entire trips within a geographical region, while only a few have examined trips to and from a city landmark. This paper examines trips and their CO2 emissions to and from a shopping center from a time–space perspective, and it further considers how this information can be used in relocation planning. It is a case study in the Borlänge city in mid-Sweden where trips to the city’s largest shopping mall are scrutinized. We use GPS tracking data of car trips starting and ending at the shopping center. Firstly, we analyze the traffic emission patterns from a time–space perspective where the temporal patterns reveal hourly-based traffic emission dynamics. The spatial analysis uncovers a heterogeneous distribution of traffic emissions in spatial areas and individual street segments. Secondly, we find the observed trips mostly agree with an optimal route in terms of CO2 emissions. Drawing on this finding, we thirdly evaluate the location of the current shopping center by comparing it to two competing locations. We conclude that the two competing locations, being in the vicinity of the current one, would induce an insignificant improvement in terms of CO2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jia, Tao & Carling, Kenneth & Håkansson, Johan, 2013. "Trips and their CO2 emissions to and from a shopping center," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 135-145.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:33:y:2013:i:c:p:135-145
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.09.018
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    Cited by:

    1. Vijay Paidi & Johan Håkansson & Hasan Fleyeh & Roger G. Nyberg, 2022. "CO 2 Emissions Induced by Vehicles Cruising for Empty Parking Spaces in an Open Parking Lot," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Jing Li & Pingyu Zhang & Kevin Lo & Meng Guo & Mark Wang, 2015. "Reducing Carbon Emissions from Shopping Trips: Evidence from China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Xiaoyun Zhao & Kenneth Carling & Johan Håkansson, 2017. "Residential planning, driver mobility and CO emission: a microscopic look at Borlänge in Sweden," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(9), pages 1597-1614, September.
    4. Jia, Tao & Håkansson, Johan, 2016. "To what extent are CO2 emissions from intra-urban shopping trips by cars affected by drivers’ travel behaviour and store location?," HUI Working Papers 117, HUI Research.
    5. Zhao, Pengxiang & Kwan, Mei-Po & Qin, Kun, 2017. "Uncovering the spatiotemporal patterns of CO2 emissions by taxis based on Individuals' daily travel," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 122-135.

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    Keywords

    GPS tracking data; Trips; CO2 emissions; Relocation planning;
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