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Does the social environment influence active travel? An investigation of walking in Hamilton, Canada

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  • Clark, Andrew F.
  • Scott, Darren M.

Abstract

This study adapts a conceptual framework from the physical activity literature to examine how walking as a mode of transport is related to individual, physical, and social environments. The data used in this study come from the Hamilton Active Living Study, which was conducted in Hamilton, Canada from May to September 2010. The analysis, based on 179 study participants, uses socio-demographic information, likert-scale questions about the social environment, and time spent walking for transport as recorded in a 7-day time-use diary. A series of linear regression models examine how components of the social environment (companionship, encouragement, role models, neighborhood social cohesion) influence time spent walking while controlling for individual and physical environments. The results find that only role models and neighborhood social cohesion influence walking time.

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  • Clark, Andrew F. & Scott, Darren M., 2013. "Does the social environment influence active travel? An investigation of walking in Hamilton, Canada," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 278-285.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:31:y:2013:i:c:p:278-285
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.06.005
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    3. M Said & A Biehl & A Stathopoulos, 2020. "Interdependence in active mobility adoption: Joint modelling and motivational spill-over in walking, cycling and bike-sharing," Papers 2006.16920, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2020.
    4. Ferrer, Sheila & Ruiz, Tomás, 2018. "The impact of the built environment on the decision to walk for short trips: Evidence from two Spanish cities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 111-120.
    5. Ka-Man Leung & Folake Orekoya & Adrian J. Bailey & Hor-Yan Lai & Ka-Yi Chan & Ting-Lok Lam, 2020. "Health of Youth in Transition in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, May.
    6. Andrew F. Clark & Darren M. Scott, 2016. "Barriers to Walking: An Investigation of Adults in Hamilton (Ontario, Canada)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, January.
    7. Zhengying Liu & Astrid Kemperman & Harry Timmermans, 2020. "Location Choice in the Context of Older Adults’ Leisure-Time Walking," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-15, July.
    8. Feuillet, T. & Commenges, H. & Menai, M. & Salze, P. & Perchoux, C. & Reuillon, R. & Kesse-Guyot, E. & Enaux, C. & Nazare, J.-A. & Hercberg, S. & Simon, C. & Charreire, H. & Oppert, J.M., 2018. "A massive geographically weighted regression model of walking-environment relationships," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 118-129.
    9. Lin, Tao & Wang, Donggen & Zhou, Meng, 2018. "Residential relocation and changes in travel behavior: what is the role of social context change?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 360-374.
    10. Yang, Linchuan & Chau, K.W. & Wang, Xu, 2019. "Are low-end housing purchasers more willing to pay for access to basic public services? Evidence from China," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
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    12. Mohammad Paydar & Asal Kamani Fard, 2021. "The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-16, July.
    13. Yi Zhang & Xiaoguang Yang & Yuan Li & Qixing Liu & Chaoyang Li, 2014. "Household, Personal and Environmental Correlates of Rural Elderly’s Cycling Activity: Evidence from Zhongshan Metropolitan Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(6), pages 1-16, June.
    14. Arlie Adkins & Carrie Makarewicz & Michele Scanze & Maia Ingram & Gretchen Luhr, 2017. "Contextualizing Walkability: Do Relationships Between Built Environments and Walking Vary by Socioeconomic Context?," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 83(3), pages 296-314, July.
    15. Sherwin, Henrietta & Chatterjee, Kiron & Jain, Juliet, 2014. "An exploration of the importance of social influence in the decision to start bicycling in England," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 32-45.
    16. Mohammad Paydar & Asal Kamani Fard, 2021. "The Contribution of Mobile Apps to the Improvement of Walking/Cycling Behavior Considering the Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-21, September.
    17. Li, Shengxiao & Zhao, Pengjun & Zhang, He & Quan, Jing, 2019. "Walking behavior in the old downtown Beijing: The impact of perceptions and attitudes and social variations," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1-11.
    18. Liu, Qiyang & Liu, Yang & Zhang, Chi & An, Zihao & Zhao, Pengjun, 2021. "Elderly mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration in Kunming, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    19. Peiravian, Farideddin & Derrible, Sybil & Ijaz, Farukh, 2014. "Development and application of the Pedestrian Environment Index (PEI)," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 73-84.

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